Mordeduras de serpientes en pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 14 años atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante en el período de 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Introducción: Las mordeduras de serpientes son consideradas una emergencia médica, en caso de que el animal sea venenoso puede ser causa de muerte en el niño afectado si no es tratado inmediatamente. Se calcula que las serpientes por si solas provocan 2.5 millones de mordeduras venenosas todos los años, ocasionando 125.000 muertes. Estas mordeduras pueden tonarse mortales si no se trata a tiempo, debido al tamaño pequeño de sus cuerpos, los niños tienen mayor riesgo de muerte o de complicaciones graves a causas de estas mordeduras. Objetivos: - Determinar los factores de riesgo y complicaciones por mordedura de serpientes de los pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 14 años atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante, durante el periodo del 2016. Métodos: El presente estudio es de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, analítico, trasversal, cuyo objetivo es el estudio sobre las mordeduras de serpientes en pacientes pediátricos. Instrumentos: Las técnicas que se utilizó es de observación directa, mediante la evolución de historias clínicas de cada paciente pediátrico en estudio, y como instrumento de trabajo se utilizó un formulario, de datos que fueron procesados y analizados mediante Microsoft Word, Excel y le programa SPSS. Resultados: Como resultado contenido se demostró que existe una mayor prevalencia de casos en edades comprendidas de 1 a 14 años , es el sexo masculino, de áreas rurales, en su mayoría presentaron mordeduras de serpientes no venenosas. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que la presencia de factores de riesgo permite que se desarrolle el evento, trayendo complicaciones y riesgo para el infante afectado, si no es atendido a tiempo.
Introduction: Snake bites are considered a medical emergency, in case the animal is poisonous it can cause death in the affected child if not treated immediately. Snakes alone are estimated to cause 2.5 million poisonous bites each year, causing 125,000 deaths. These bites can become deadly if left untreated, due to the small size of their bodies, children are at increased risk of death or serious complications caused by these bites. Objectives: - To determine the application of the care process on snake bites in pediatric patients aged 1 to 14 attended at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period of 2016. Methods: To determine the risk factors and snakebite complications of pediatric patients aged 1 to 14 attended at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period of 2016. Instruments: The techniques used were direct observation, through the evolution of clinical histories of each pediatric patient under study, and as a working tool was used a form, data that were processed and analyzed using Microsoft Word, Excel and program SPSS. Results: As a result content was demonstrated that there is a higher prevalence of cases in ages ranging from 1 to 14 years, it is the male sex, from rural areas, most of them presented bites of nonvenomous snakes. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the presence of risk factors allows the event to develop, bringing complications and risk to the affected infant, if not attended to in time.
Introduction: Snake bites are considered a medical emergency, in case the animal is poisonous it can cause death in the affected child if not treated immediately. Snakes alone are estimated to cause 2.5 million poisonous bites each year, causing 125,000 deaths. These bites can become deadly if left untreated, due to the small size of their bodies, children are at increased risk of death or serious complications caused by these bites. Objectives: - To determine the application of the care process on snake bites in pediatric patients aged 1 to 14 attended at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period of 2016. Methods: To determine the risk factors and snakebite complications of pediatric patients aged 1 to 14 attended at Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital during the period of 2016. Instruments: The techniques used were direct observation, through the evolution of clinical histories of each pediatric patient under study, and as a working tool was used a form, data that were processed and analyzed using Microsoft Word, Excel and program SPSS. Results: As a result content was demonstrated that there is a higher prevalence of cases in ages ranging from 1 to 14 years, it is the male sex, from rural areas, most of them presented bites of nonvenomous snakes. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the presence of risk factors allows the event to develop, bringing complications and risk to the affected infant, if not attended to in time.
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Mordeduras de serpientes, Pediatría, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador