Perfil epidemiológico del dengue en pacientes adultos del Hospital Martín Icaza Zona 5 Distrito 12D01 en la ciudad de Babahoyo en el período 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El dengue es la enfermedad viral transmitida por mosquito (Aedes aegypti,) de más rápida propagación en el mundo. En los últimos 50 años, su incidencia ha aumentado 30 veces con la creciente expansión geográfica hacia nuevos países y, en la actual década, de áreas urbanas a rurales. El objetivo general, es determinar el perfil epidemiológico del dengue, mediante indicadores de vigilancia centinela en pacientes que asisten al Hospital Martin Icaza en la ciudad de Babahoyo en el periodo 2016. Se realizó un estudio Retrospectivo, observacional indirecto y transversal, donde el Universo fue de 200 pacientes que ingresaron al área de triaje con una temperatura igual o mayor a 38ºC. En una muestra de 120 pacientes, para el presente estudio se recolectaron los datos requeridos por vigilancia centinela junto con la ficha de valoración del perfil epidemiológico del dengue.
Dentro del estudio demostraron que una temperatura igual o mayor de 38ºC. no indica la presencia del virus del Dengue, por si solos y que al tener en cuenta las señales de alarma y los signos de choque característicos de esta enfermedad nos permite saber la presencia o ausencia de esta patología, reforzando estas señales con exámenes serológicos de anticuerpos de Ig G y Ig M, que permiten detectar la presencia del virus mencionado.
Concluyo que los datos obtenidos demuestran que los hombres fueron los más afectados en la presencia del virus y que de la muestra de los 120 pacientes detectados para su valoración, el 25% de los hombres y el 18% de la mujeres dieron positivos para el DENV, mientras que el porcentaje restante del 100%, siendo el 75 % y el 82 % dio como resultado negativo, demostrando que para un mejor diagnostico se debería determinar por Serología teniendo en cuenta la guía del perfil epidemiológico propuesto en esta investigación.
Dengue is the most rapidly spread mosquito-borne viral disease (Aedes aegypti) in the world. Over the past 50 years, its incidence has increased 30-fold with increasing geographical expansion into new countries and, in the current decade, rural urban areas. The general objective is to determine the epidemiological profile of dengue by means of sentinel surveillance indicators in patients attending the Martin Icaza Hospital in the city of Babahoyo in the period 2016. A retrospective, cross-sectional observational study was carried out, where the Universe was Of 200 patients who entered the triage area with a temperature equal to the mayor at 38ºC. In a sample of 120 patients, the data required by sentinel surveillance were collected for the present study together with the data sheet of the epidemiological profile of dengue. Within the study showed that a temperature equal to the mayor of 38ºC. It does not indicate the presence of the dengue virus, alone and taking into account the alarm signals and the signs of shock characteristic of this disease, the presence or absence of this disease is not allowed, reinforcing these signals with serological tests of antibodies Of IgG and Ig M, that allow to detect the presence of the mentioned virus. I conclude that the data show that men were the most affected in the presence of the virus and that of the sample of 120 patients detected for evaluation, 25% of men and 18% of women gave positive for DENV, While the remaining percentage of 100%, being 75% and 82% resulted in negative, showing that for a better diagnosis should be determined by Serology to take into account the guide of the epidemiological profile proposed in this research.
Dengue is the most rapidly spread mosquito-borne viral disease (Aedes aegypti) in the world. Over the past 50 years, its incidence has increased 30-fold with increasing geographical expansion into new countries and, in the current decade, rural urban areas. The general objective is to determine the epidemiological profile of dengue by means of sentinel surveillance indicators in patients attending the Martin Icaza Hospital in the city of Babahoyo in the period 2016. A retrospective, cross-sectional observational study was carried out, where the Universe was Of 200 patients who entered the triage area with a temperature equal to the mayor at 38ºC. In a sample of 120 patients, the data required by sentinel surveillance were collected for the present study together with the data sheet of the epidemiological profile of dengue. Within the study showed that a temperature equal to the mayor of 38ºC. It does not indicate the presence of the dengue virus, alone and taking into account the alarm signals and the signs of shock characteristic of this disease, the presence or absence of this disease is not allowed, reinforcing these signals with serological tests of antibodies Of IgG and Ig M, that allow to detect the presence of the mentioned virus. I conclude that the data show that men were the most affected in the presence of the virus and that of the sample of 120 patients detected for evaluation, 25% of men and 18% of women gave positive for DENV, While the remaining percentage of 100%, being 75% and 82% resulted in negative, showing that for a better diagnosis should be determined by Serology to take into account the guide of the epidemiological profile proposed in this research.
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DENGUE, PERFILES DE SALUD, PROYOCOLOS, MONITOREO EPIDEMIOLOGICO, HOSPITAL GENERAL MARTIN ICAZA, CANTON BABAHOYO, ECUADOR