Vih en embarazo en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo entre 2012-2015
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Objetivo: La realización de este estudio fue con el propósito de determinar la prevalencia de porcentaje de casos que se presentaron, con la finalidad de demostrar cómo están las estadísticas a nivel del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo periodo 2012-2015 ya que el último gran estudio sobre la propagación del virus, Global Burden of Disease (carga mundial de la enfermedad), realizado en 2015 por el Instituto para la Medición y Evaluación de la Salud (IHME) de la Universidad de Washington (EE.UU.) demostró que el Ecuador se encuentra en el quinto puesto, en América Latina, con más casos nuevos de VIH/sida, con un incremento de los casos del 3,9% anual, siendo la provincia del Guayas la que mayor concentración de casos tiene (60%). Esta investigación fue un estudio de corte transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional. Materiales y métodos: se trabajó con 60 casos de embarazadas que tenían la enfermedad de VIH-SIDA en dicho hospital confirmados por Test de IgG- anti VIH1/2 (ELISA) y se realizó el estudio de varias variables como los factores de riesgo más frecuentes que tuvieron durante su gestación, edades más frecuentes, si eran primigestas o multíparas, número de controles prenatales, y como fue la culminación de su embarazo. Resultados: se obtuvieron resultados de que cada año ha aumentado más la población gestante con infección de VIH-SIDA, además que las edades en que más se presenta es entre 15 y 25 años. Conclusiones: a la conclusión que llegue con este trabajo es que con la realización de controles prenatales y presentando la enfermedad del VIH-SIDA en el embarazo si es posible que culmine el embarazo si se dan los correctos cuidados, y que el recién nacido tomando medicina profiláctica pueda desarrollarse de manera normal y sin la patología, lo peor que podemos hacer es desconocer la enfermedad o no comunicarle al médico. Pero de todas formas se deben hacer un mejor seguimiento de los casos de embarazo haciendo las pruebas de VIH-SIDA a la madre en el primer trimestre y el tercer trimestre.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the percentage of cases that were presented, in order to demonstrate how the statistics are at Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo level for the period 2012-2015 since the last large study on Global Burden of Disease, carried out in 2015 by the Institute for Health Measurement and Assessment (IHME) of the University of Washington (USA), showed that Is in fifth place in Latin America with more new cases of HIV / AIDS, with an increase of 3.9% per year, with the province of Guayas having the highest concentration of cases (60%). This research was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 cases of pregnant women with HIV-AIDS in this hospital were confirmed by the IgG-anti-HIV1 / 2 Test (ELISA) and several variables were studied, such as the most frequent risk factors That they had during their gestation, more frequent ages, if they were primigestas or multiparous, number of prenatal controls, and as it was the culmination of their pregnancy. RESULTS: results were obtained that each year has increased more the population pregnant with infection of HIV-AIDS, in addition that the ages in which more appears is between 15 and 25 years. CONCLUSIONS: the conclusion reached with this work is that with the performance of prenatal controls and presenting HIV-AIDS disease in pregnancy if it is possible for the pregnancy to end if proper care is given and the newborn taking medicine Prophylaxis can develop in a normal way and without the pathology, the worst thing we can do is to ignore the disease or not to tell the doctor. However, a better follow-up of pregnancy cases should be done by testing the mother for HIV-AIDS in the first trimester and the third trimester.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the percentage of cases that were presented, in order to demonstrate how the statistics are at Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo level for the period 2012-2015 since the last large study on Global Burden of Disease, carried out in 2015 by the Institute for Health Measurement and Assessment (IHME) of the University of Washington (USA), showed that Is in fifth place in Latin America with more new cases of HIV / AIDS, with an increase of 3.9% per year, with the province of Guayas having the highest concentration of cases (60%). This research was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 cases of pregnant women with HIV-AIDS in this hospital were confirmed by the IgG-anti-HIV1 / 2 Test (ELISA) and several variables were studied, such as the most frequent risk factors That they had during their gestation, more frequent ages, if they were primigestas or multiparous, number of prenatal controls, and as it was the culmination of their pregnancy. RESULTS: results were obtained that each year has increased more the population pregnant with infection of HIV-AIDS, in addition that the ages in which more appears is between 15 and 25 years. CONCLUSIONS: the conclusion reached with this work is that with the performance of prenatal controls and presenting HIV-AIDS disease in pregnancy if it is possible for the pregnancy to end if proper care is given and the newborn taking medicine Prophylaxis can develop in a normal way and without the pathology, the worst thing we can do is to ignore the disease or not to tell the doctor. However, a better follow-up of pregnancy cases should be done by testing the mother for HIV-AIDS in the first trimester and the third trimester.
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Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Embarazo, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Prevalencia