Embarazo en adolescentes factores de riesgo y complicaciones
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La adolescencia es considerada como una etapa de la vida que se encuentra entre la infancia y la juventud, íntimamente relacionada con ambas, y que tiene sus expresiones en las esferas biológica, psicológica y social; aunque a los 17 años se ha completado la madurez física, la madurez educativa y emocional sigue siendo un proceso continuo. Además se la estima, como un periodo de la vida libre de problemas de salud pero, desde el punto de vista de los cuidados de la salud reproductiva, el adolescente es en muchos aspectos, un caso especial. La actividad sexual de los adolescentes va en aumento en todo el mundo, incrementando la incidencia de partos en mujeres menores de 20 años. El embarazo en adolescentes se produce, entre la adolescencia inicial o pubertad – comienzo de la edad fértil- y final de la adolescencia. La mayoría de los embarazos adolescentes son considerados no deseados, provocados por la práctica de las relaciones sexuales no matrimoniales, no consentidas (violaciones) y sin protección. En la adolescencia el embarazo es un problema de salud pública de considerable magnitud, no solo por estar asociado a los trastornos orgánicos propios de la juventud materna, sino porque también implica factores socio - culturales y económicos que comprometen al binomio madre hijo como a los que conforman parte de su entorno. El comportamiento sexual humano es variable y depende de las normas culturales y sociales que influyen directamente desde el punto de vista social, en el aumento de embarazos en adolescentes. Por tanto el embarazo en adolescentes reduce las posibilidades de que cumplan con sus deseos de superación y culminen sus estudios. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es identificar los factores de riesgos y complicaciones en el embarazo en adolescentes mediante la revisión de historia clínicas del HOSPITAL NICOLÁS COTTO INFANTE del Cantón Vinces en el período de mayo 2015 y marzo 2016 para prevenir plantear medidas de prevención. La metodología que se llevará a cabo en este estudio es cuantitativa, retrospectiva y descriptiva y los resultados se los realizará de manera estadística y numérica en el programa de excell para su posterior análisis y cualitativa porque se basa en la descripción y observación de los principales factores de riesgos y complicaciones del embarazo en adolescencia.
Adolescence is considered as a stage of life that is between childhood and youth, intimately related to both, and that has its expressions in the biological, psychological and social spheres; Although at the age of 17, physical maturity has been completed, educational and emotional maturity continues to be a continuous process. It is also estimated as a period of life free of health problems but, from the point of view of reproductive health care, the adolescent is in many ways a special case. The sexual activity of adolescents is increasing worldwide, increasing the incidence of births in women under 20 years. Adolescent pregnancy occurs between the initial adolescence or puberty - the beginning of the fertile age - and the end of adolescence. The majority of adolescent pregnancies are considered unwanted, caused by the practice of non-marital sexual relations, non-consensual (rape) and unprotected. In adolescence, pregnancy is a public health problem of considerable magnitude, not only because it is associated with the organic upheavals of maternal youth, but also because it implies socio - cultural and economic factors that compromise the child mother binomial as well as those they are part of their environment. The human sexual behavior is variable and depends on the cultural and social norms that directly influence from the social point of view, in the increase of pregnancies in adolescents. Therefore pregnancy in adolescents reduces the chances that they comply with their desire to excel and complete their studies. The objective of this research is to identify the risk factors and complications in pregnancy in adolescents by reviewing the clinical history of the HOSPITAL NICOLÁS COTTO INFANTE of the Canton of Vinces in the period of May 2015 and March 2016 to prevent the raising of preventive measures
Adolescence is considered as a stage of life that is between childhood and youth, intimately related to both, and that has its expressions in the biological, psychological and social spheres; Although at the age of 17, physical maturity has been completed, educational and emotional maturity continues to be a continuous process. It is also estimated as a period of life free of health problems but, from the point of view of reproductive health care, the adolescent is in many ways a special case. The sexual activity of adolescents is increasing worldwide, increasing the incidence of births in women under 20 years. Adolescent pregnancy occurs between the initial adolescence or puberty - the beginning of the fertile age - and the end of adolescence. The majority of adolescent pregnancies are considered unwanted, caused by the practice of non-marital sexual relations, non-consensual (rape) and unprotected. In adolescence, pregnancy is a public health problem of considerable magnitude, not only because it is associated with the organic upheavals of maternal youth, but also because it implies socio - cultural and economic factors that compromise the child mother binomial as well as those they are part of their environment. The human sexual behavior is variable and depends on the cultural and social norms that directly influence from the social point of view, in the increase of pregnancies in adolescents. Therefore pregnancy in adolescents reduces the chances that they comply with their desire to excel and complete their studies. The objective of this research is to identify the risk factors and complications in pregnancy in adolescents by reviewing the clinical history of the HOSPITAL NICOLÁS COTTO INFANTE of the Canton of Vinces in the period of May 2015 and March 2016 to prevent the raising of preventive measures
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Dr. Nicolás Cotto Infante, Cantón Vinces, Ecuador, Factores de riesgo, Complicaciones del embarazo