Complicaciones perinatales de la infección de vías urinarias en adolescentes embarazadas, estudio a realizar en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil período 2013-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo el propósito de determinar las complicaciones perinatales que se presentan debido a la infección de vías urinarias en adolescentes embarazadas, las mismas que son causadas por diferentes microorganismos, entre ellas las Enterobacterias principalmente: Escherichia Coli. Es importante detectar rápidamente cualquier tipo de infección durante la gestación radica para prevenir y disminuir una serie de complicaciones graves como: Amenaza de aborto, aborto, ruptura prematura de membranas, amenaza de parto pretérmino, parto pretérmino, etc. La falta de un diagnóstico oportuno o de cumplimiento estricto de las indicaciones médicas dadas, como no completar el tratamiento que se prescribe a la madre embaraza por falsos temores al uso de la terapia antibiótica durante la gestación, puede llevar a las complicaciones serias ya mencionadas. El estudio tiene una visión critico - propositiva ya que no solo se busca determinar las complicaciones perinatales de las IVU en las gestantes adolescentes, sino también encaminarnos a la solución para contribuir con información relevante que permita disminuir la morbimortalidad fetal y materna, se utiliza un enfoque cualicuantitativo, su estudio se realiza en el lugar de los hechos tomando contacto en forma directa con el grupo de pacientes del Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil. El material y métodos se basaron en un estudio de tipo descriptivo, no experimental, retrospectivo y transversal. Se basó en la recolección de datos mediante la revisión de historias clínicas de las adolescentes embarazadas que se atendieron en el área de consulta externa, emergencia y hospitalización Ginecológica con diagnóstico de infecciones de vías urinarias en el período 2013- 2015 se observó 119 casos. Concluyo diciendo que la frecuencia de las infecciones de vías urinarias se da con mayor frecuencia en las embarazadas de 18 a 19 años siendo que esta infección ocupa una alta incidencia en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil y que está asociada a factores de riesgos como las infecciones urinarias recurrentes, la primigravidez, y sus complicaciones con un alto índice de amenaza de parto pretérmino.
This research work was to determine perinatal complications arising due to urinary tract infections in pregnant adolescents, which are caused by different micro-organisms, including mainly Enterobacteriaceae: Escherichia Coli. It is important to quickly detect any type of infection during pregnancy to prevent and reduce a number of serious complications such as: threat of abortion, abortion, premature rupture of membranes, threatened pre-term delivery, pre-term delivery, etc.The lack of on time diagnosis or strict compliance with given medical directions, result as failure to complete treatment prescribed to the pregnant mother becomes by false fears to the use of antibiotic therapy during pregnancy, can lead to serious complications already mentioned. The study has a vision critical - proposal since not only determine the IVU in adolescent pregnant perinatal complications, but also direct us to the solution to contribute relevant information enabling to decrease morbidity and mortality fetal and maternal, approach a quality-quantitative, their study is carried out at the scene taking contact directly with the Group of patients at the University Hospital of Guayaquil. Material and methods were based on a study of descriptive, experimental, retrospective and transversal type. Based on the collection of data by reviewing the medical records of pregnant adolescents who attended in the area of outpatient, emergency and Gynecologic hospitalization with a diagnosis of urinary tract in the period 2013-2015 was observed 119 cases. I conclude by saying that the frequency of urinary tract infections occurs more frequently in pregnant women aged 18 to 19 being that this infection has a high incidence in the University Hospital of Guayaquil and is associated with factors of risks such as recurrent urinary tract infections, the primigravidez, and its complications with a high threat of preterm birth rate.
This research work was to determine perinatal complications arising due to urinary tract infections in pregnant adolescents, which are caused by different micro-organisms, including mainly Enterobacteriaceae: Escherichia Coli. It is important to quickly detect any type of infection during pregnancy to prevent and reduce a number of serious complications such as: threat of abortion, abortion, premature rupture of membranes, threatened pre-term delivery, pre-term delivery, etc.The lack of on time diagnosis or strict compliance with given medical directions, result as failure to complete treatment prescribed to the pregnant mother becomes by false fears to the use of antibiotic therapy during pregnancy, can lead to serious complications already mentioned. The study has a vision critical - proposal since not only determine the IVU in adolescent pregnant perinatal complications, but also direct us to the solution to contribute relevant information enabling to decrease morbidity and mortality fetal and maternal, approach a quality-quantitative, their study is carried out at the scene taking contact directly with the Group of patients at the University Hospital of Guayaquil. Material and methods were based on a study of descriptive, experimental, retrospective and transversal type. Based on the collection of data by reviewing the medical records of pregnant adolescents who attended in the area of outpatient, emergency and Gynecologic hospitalization with a diagnosis of urinary tract in the period 2013-2015 was observed 119 cases. I conclude by saying that the frequency of urinary tract infections occurs more frequently in pregnant women aged 18 to 19 being that this infection has a high incidence in the University Hospital of Guayaquil and is associated with factors of risks such as recurrent urinary tract infections, the primigravidez, and its complications with a high threat of preterm birth rate.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Infecciones urinarias, Complicaciones perinatales, Escherichia coli, Estudios retrospectivos, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador