Factores de riesgo de desnutrición infantil en menores de 2 años Subcentro de Salud Trinitaria período 2015-2016
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La investigación realizada en el Centro de Salud Trinitaria orienta el contexto de desnutrición en nuestros infantes no solo a la falta de acceso a alimentos saludables y de calidad en su dieta diaria sino también apunta al papel importante que juegan factores condicionantes socio-económicos y culturales y la falta de información de la que carece la población en cuanto a conductas de higiene y prevención de la misma. Así también, el gran desconocimiento de la población sobre conductas de prevención de desnutrición desde la concepción, la cual no solo representa gran ahorro en la inversión del sistema sanitario, sino también de la economía familiar. Método: El trabajo es de enfoque Cualitativo - Cuantitativo, Retrospectivo, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, y el método es observacional y descriptivo. Resultados: la mayoría de casos de la muestra corresponden a desnutrición crónica y los factores de riesgo a los que está sometida esta muestra son de índole socio-económica y cultural, de los cuales el más frecuente fue la lactancia materna exclusiva con una frecuencia del 56% sobre la muestra, siendo este el factor predominante. Y que la desnutrición se presenta por una combinación de factores de riesgo que llevan a estos niños a padecerla. Conclusiones: el factor de riesgo más frecuente en la muestra fue la práctica de lactancia materna exclusiva con 39 casos o 56%; así mismo, existe también un gran desconocimiento de la población acerca de una dieta adecuada que estos puedan llevar.
The research carried out at the Trinitaria Health Center guides the context of malnutrition in our infants not only to the lack of access to healthy and quality food in their daily diet but also points to the important role played by socio-economic conditioning factors and cultural and lack of information that the population lacks in terms of hygiene behavior and prevention of it. Also, the great ignorance of the population about malnutrition prevention behaviors from the conception, which not only represents great savings in the investment of the health system, but also of the family economy. Method: The work is of a Qualitative - Quantitative, Retrospective, nonexperimental, cross-sectional approach, and the method is observational and descriptive. Results: the majority of the cases in the sample correspond to chronic malnutrition and the risk factors to which it is about to die, this is the socioeconomic and cultural nature, of which the most frequent was exclusive breastfeeding with a frequency of 56% on the sample, this being the predominant factor. And that malnutrition is presented by a combination of risk factors that lead these children to suffer it. Conclusions: the most frequent risk factor in the sample was the practice of exclusive breastfeeding with 39 cases or 56%; likewise, there is also a great ignorance of the population about a proper diet that they can carry
The research carried out at the Trinitaria Health Center guides the context of malnutrition in our infants not only to the lack of access to healthy and quality food in their daily diet but also points to the important role played by socio-economic conditioning factors and cultural and lack of information that the population lacks in terms of hygiene behavior and prevention of it. Also, the great ignorance of the population about malnutrition prevention behaviors from the conception, which not only represents great savings in the investment of the health system, but also of the family economy. Method: The work is of a Qualitative - Quantitative, Retrospective, nonexperimental, cross-sectional approach, and the method is observational and descriptive. Results: the majority of the cases in the sample correspond to chronic malnutrition and the risk factors to which it is about to die, this is the socioeconomic and cultural nature, of which the most frequent was exclusive breastfeeding with a frequency of 56% on the sample, this being the predominant factor. And that malnutrition is presented by a combination of risk factors that lead these children to suffer it. Conclusions: the most frequent risk factor in the sample was the practice of exclusive breastfeeding with 39 cases or 56%; likewise, there is also a great ignorance of the population about a proper diet that they can carry
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Desnutrición infantil, Factores de riesgo, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Subcentro de Salud Trinitaria, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador