Otitis media crónica y su incidencia en pérdidas auditivas en pacientes de 6 a 14 años, estudio realizado en el Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante en el período 2017
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Este presente trabajo de investigación trata sobre las infecciones de oído medio que al no llevar un tratamiento y control adecuado evoluciona a una otitis media crónica por diferentes factores, entre sus síntomas encontramos otalgia, acufeno y pérdida auditiva que varía según la severidad de la patología, por ende se Identifica el número de pacientes con pérdida auditiva por motivo de otitis media crónica mediante pruebas audiológicas, en donde el 47% de los pacientes presenta una pérdida conductiva moderada bilateral, el 23% presenta una pérdida conductiva moderadamente severa bilateral, un 23% más presenta una pérdida auditiva mixta moderada bilateral y por último un 7% presenta una pérdida conductiva severa bilateral; ya con esta información se logra clasificar la población y destinar la clase de tratamiento según la pérdida auditiva, para esto se plantea una encuesta y se obtiene como resultados diferentes manifestaciones sintomatológicas y el porcentaje que ocupan, en base a esto se pudo constatar que la presencia de otalgia es uno de los síntomas más frecuente con un 70% seguido de la presencia de otorrea con un 63%, ocasionalmente presencia de otorragia con un 47% y la presencia de acufenos con un 40 %, dicha información fue adecuada y necesaria para entender las necesidades y solucionar dudas, problemas o dificultades que limiten la vida personal o social de los pacientes por lo cual se elabora una guía de cuidados audiológicos en pacientes con otitis media crónica que presentan pérdida auditiva, para beneficio de la población y mejorar su calidad de vida.
This present research deals with middle ear infections that, due to the lack of proper treatment and control, evolves to chronic otitis media due to different factors. Among its symptoms, otalgia, tinnitus and hearing loss vary according to the severity of the disease, therefore, the number of patients with chronic otitis media hearing loss is identified by audiological tests, in which 47% of the patients present a moderate bilateral conductive loss, 23% have a moderately severe bilateral conductive loss, 23% more have a moderate bilateral mixed hearing loss and finally 7% have a bilateral severe conductive loss; already with this information it is possible to classify the population and to allocate the class of treatment according to the hearing loss, for this a questionnaire is raised and results as different symptomatological manifestations and the percentage that occupy, based on this it was verified that the presence otalgia is one of the most frequent symptoms with 70% followed by the presence of otorrhea with 63%, occasionally the presence of otorrhagia with 47% and the presence of tinnitus with 40%, this information was adequate and necessary to understand the needs and to solve doubts, problems or difficulties that limit the personal or social life of the patients, for which a guide of audiological care is elaborated in patients with chronic otitis media who present hearing loss, for the benefit of the population and to improve their quality of lifetime.
This present research deals with middle ear infections that, due to the lack of proper treatment and control, evolves to chronic otitis media due to different factors. Among its symptoms, otalgia, tinnitus and hearing loss vary according to the severity of the disease, therefore, the number of patients with chronic otitis media hearing loss is identified by audiological tests, in which 47% of the patients present a moderate bilateral conductive loss, 23% have a moderately severe bilateral conductive loss, 23% more have a moderate bilateral mixed hearing loss and finally 7% have a bilateral severe conductive loss; already with this information it is possible to classify the population and to allocate the class of treatment according to the hearing loss, for this a questionnaire is raised and results as different symptomatological manifestations and the percentage that occupy, based on this it was verified that the presence otalgia is one of the most frequent symptoms with 70% followed by the presence of otorrhea with 63%, occasionally the presence of otorrhagia with 47% and the presence of tinnitus with 40%, this information was adequate and necessary to understand the needs and to solve doubts, problems or difficulties that limit the personal or social life of the patients, for which a guide of audiological care is elaborated in patients with chronic otitis media who present hearing loss, for the benefit of the population and to improve their quality of lifetime.
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Otitis media, Perdida auditiva, Pediatría, Hospítal del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador