Estrategias lúdicas con enfoque en la terapia ocupacional en pacientes con demencia senil leve. Estudio a realizarse con los adultos mayores que residen en el Albergue Carlos Luis Plaza Dañín
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer un tratamiento terapéutico lúdico bajo la direccion de la terapia ocupacional en función de ejecución de actividades que aplicadas de forma lúdica permitan mantener, optimizar y desarrollar las funciones cognitivas del adulto mayor con demencia senil leve y a su vez disminuya el índice de aislamiento social y sedentarismo, el contexto de estudio se lo ejecuta en el albergue Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin trabajando con la población de adultos mayores que residen en el mismo, lugar escogido entorno a la observación que determinó falta de participación e interacción social, en la metodología utilizada para abordar este proceso investigativo se realzó una investigación de campo, descriptiva, cualitativa, cuantitativa y documental bibliográfica, con paramentos de corte transversal. La muestra escogida fue específicamente 20 varones del albergue Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin basada en los elementos dispuestos en los criterios de inclusión y exclusión también se utilizó las evaluaciones pre y pos diagnosticas para la seguimiento de los resultados, en valoración índice de katz, inicialmente el 35% de la muestra era independiente con la aplicación del programa aumentó a 45%, Lawton y brody determina que inicialmente 10% de la muestra era independiente y al termino del estudio aumentó a 25% , la valoración mini mental determina inicialmente 15% de la muestra con posible deterioro cognitivo y al termino del estudio disminuyo a 10%, y marcha y balance establece al final que el 75% de la muestra mantiene una marcha normal. Como conclusión se logró conocer en qué estado se encontraban los adultos mayores que residen en el albergue y abarcar el tratamiento de habilitación integral, como recomendación se plantea a la institución implementar un área lúdica recreativa donde los adultos mayores puedan participar íntegramente potencializando sus habilidades, funciones cognitivas e interacción social.
The present study aims to establish a therapeutic treatment of occupational therapy as a function of the execution of activities that allow to maintain, optimize and develop the cognitive functions for the elderly with mild senile dementia and Index of social isolation along with sedentarism, the study context is executed in the shelter Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin working with the population of elderly adults who reside in it, chosen place around the observation that determined lack of participation and social interaction, in The methodology used to address this investigative process was enhanced by a field research, descriptive, qualitative, quantitative and bibliographical documentary, with cross-sectional features. The sample chosen was 20 boys from the Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin shelter based on the elements arranged in the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre- and post-diagnostic evaluations were also used for the followup of the results, in the Katz index, initially 35 % Of the sample was independent with application of the program increased to 45%, Lawton and brody determined that initially 10% of the sample was independent and at the end of the study increased to 25%, the mini mental assessment initially determined 15% of the sample With possible cognitive impairment and at the end of the study decreased to 10%, and gait and balance establishes at the end that 75% of the sample maintains a normal gait. As a conclusion, it was possible to know in which state the elderly were residing in the shelter and it was able to provide a general rehabilitation program. As a recommendation, the institution proposes to implement a recreational area where the elderly can fully participate, enhancing their abilities, functions Cognitive and social interaction.
The present study aims to establish a therapeutic treatment of occupational therapy as a function of the execution of activities that allow to maintain, optimize and develop the cognitive functions for the elderly with mild senile dementia and Index of social isolation along with sedentarism, the study context is executed in the shelter Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin working with the population of elderly adults who reside in it, chosen place around the observation that determined lack of participation and social interaction, in The methodology used to address this investigative process was enhanced by a field research, descriptive, qualitative, quantitative and bibliographical documentary, with cross-sectional features. The sample chosen was 20 boys from the Carlos Luis Plaza Dañin shelter based on the elements arranged in the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre- and post-diagnostic evaluations were also used for the followup of the results, in the Katz index, initially 35 % Of the sample was independent with application of the program increased to 45%, Lawton and brody determined that initially 10% of the sample was independent and at the end of the study increased to 25%, the mini mental assessment initially determined 15% of the sample With possible cognitive impairment and at the end of the study decreased to 10%, and gait and balance establishes at the end that 75% of the sample maintains a normal gait. As a conclusion, it was possible to know in which state the elderly were residing in the shelter and it was able to provide a general rehabilitation program. As a recommendation, the institution proposes to implement a recreational area where the elderly can fully participate, enhancing their abilities, functions Cognitive and social interaction.
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ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER, METODO LUDICO, ANCIANO, ALBERGUE CARLOS LUIS PLAZA DAÑIN, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, ESTRATEGIAS DE ESALUD, TERAPIA CON JUEGOS