Determinantes en la prevención del riesgo de lavado de activos y financiamiento del terrorismo en el sector comercial informal de la ciudad de Guayaquil
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
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Por su ubicación geográfica, Ecuador es considerado como un país muy vulnerable a organizaciones delictivas dedicadas al lavado de activos y financiamiento del terrorismo LA/FT, y uno de los sectores de mayor preferencia es el comercio informal debido al blindaje que ha adoptado el sector bancario. Una de las zonas de comercio informal representativas en el país e históricamente reconocida es La Bahía de la ciudad de Guayaquil en donde se introducen grandes volúmenes de dinero en efectivo sin eficiente control. En consecuencia, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los determinantes en la prevención del riesgo de actividades ilícitas en dicha zona. Para efecto, se siguió una metodología de enfoque cualitativo para el levantamiento de información de los determinantes. El estudio fue no experimental; pues no se manipuló las variables, y su alcance descriptivo. Se aplicaron entrevistas a los comerciantes informales de la federación con más socios de la zona, quienes concluyeron que los determinantes más relevantes en la prevención del riesgo LA/FT son las características de cliente, los proveedores, ubicación y operación de los canales de distribución.
Due to its geographical location, Ecuador is considered a country that is very vulnerable to criminal organizations dedicated to money laundering and financing of terrorism LA / FT, and one of the sectors of greatest preference is informal commerce due to the shielding adopted by the banking sector. One of the representative informal trade zones in the country and historically recognized is the Bay of the city of Guayaquil, where large volumes of cash are introduced without efficient control. Consequently, the objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants in the prevention of the risk of illicit activities in said area. For this purpose, a methodology of qualitative approach was used to gather information on the determinants. The study was not experimental; because the variables were not manipulated, and their descriptive scope. Interviews were conducted with the federation's informal merchants with more partners in the area, who concluded that the most relevant determinants in the prevention of ML / TF risk are customer characteristics, suppliers, location and operation of the distribution channels. On the other hand, the quanlitative analysis concluded that there is a direct relationship between the growth of the informal commercial sector and the ML / FT risk, but statistically insignificant.
Due to its geographical location, Ecuador is considered a country that is very vulnerable to criminal organizations dedicated to money laundering and financing of terrorism LA / FT, and one of the sectors of greatest preference is informal commerce due to the shielding adopted by the banking sector. One of the representative informal trade zones in the country and historically recognized is the Bay of the city of Guayaquil, where large volumes of cash are introduced without efficient control. Consequently, the objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants in the prevention of the risk of illicit activities in said area. For this purpose, a methodology of qualitative approach was used to gather information on the determinants. The study was not experimental; because the variables were not manipulated, and their descriptive scope. Interviews were conducted with the federation's informal merchants with more partners in the area, who concluded that the most relevant determinants in the prevention of ML / TF risk are customer characteristics, suppliers, location and operation of the distribution channels. On the other hand, the quanlitative analysis concluded that there is a direct relationship between the growth of the informal commercial sector and the ML / FT risk, but statistically insignificant.
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LAVADO DE ACTIVOS, FINANCIAMIENTO DEL TERRORISMO, SECTOR COMERCIAL INFORMAL, PREVENCIÓN DE RIESGO