Diabetes mellitus : predicción de riesgo, algoritmo de intervención en atención primaria en población adulta, Loja-Ecuador
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Diabetes Mellitus es considerada una enfermedad crónica no transmisible. La tipo 2 es más frecuente, se asocia a factores de riesgo como: obesidad, sedentarismo, HTA, antecedentes familiares, prediabetes, edad, etnia. La OMS la declaró como epidemia mundial por implicar altos costos humanos, sociales y económicos. Es prevenible en personas de alto riesgo y en etapas iniciales, la modificación de los estilos de vida disminuiría en 50% su presentación. Se planteó un estudio de caso, la recolección de datos se realizó por muestreo lógico usando la entrevista focal, una muestra de 38 individuos. Se analizaron los factores predisponentes de diabetes y su nivel de riesgo elaborando un algoritmo de predicción usando la encuesta de predicción de riesgo FINDRISK, además se evaluó los diversos estudios empíricos que apoyan la prevención para disminuir la incidencia de la enfermedad. Los resultados obtenidos de estudios de Venezuela, países de la Unión Europea y el nuestro, demostraron que el sedentarismo se presentó en una frecuencia de más del 50%; la dieta no balanceada en nuestro estudio se presentó en un 60%, y menos del 40% en otros. Se observó un predominio de sobrepeso y obesidad con una media de 30 kg/m2; según el FINDRISK, el riesgo alto tuvo variaciones, (11% a 53%) los países desarrollados presentaron los valores más altos. Los resultados de los estudios analizados demostraron que los factores de riesgo modificables son altamente prevalentes en todos los países. FINDRISK es una herramienta válida para la predicción del riesgo de desarrollar diabetes tipo 2
Diabetes Mellitus is considered a chronic non-communicable disease. Type 2 is more common, it is associated with risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, family history, prediabetes, age, ethnicity. WHO he declared as a global epidemic involving high human, social and economic costs. It is preventable in high-risk and early stages, changing lifestyles 50% decrease in its presentation. A case study was raised, data collection was performed using the focal sampling logical interview a sample of 38 individuals. predisposing factors for diabetes and its risk level by developing a predictive algorithm using risk prediction survey analyzed Findrisk also various empirical studies supporting prevention to reduce the incidence of the disease was evaluated. The results of studies of Venezuela, countries of the European Union and ours, showed that physical inactivity appeared at a frequency of more than 50%; unbalanced diet in our study was presented by 60%, and less than 40% in others. A prevalence of overweight and obesity with an average of 30 kg /m2 was observed; according to Findrisk, the variations had high risk (11% to 53%) developed countries showed the highest values. The results of the studies showed that modifiable risk factors are highly prevalent in all countries. Findrisk is a valid tool for predicting the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus is considered a chronic non-communicable disease. Type 2 is more common, it is associated with risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, family history, prediabetes, age, ethnicity. WHO he declared as a global epidemic involving high human, social and economic costs. It is preventable in high-risk and early stages, changing lifestyles 50% decrease in its presentation. A case study was raised, data collection was performed using the focal sampling logical interview a sample of 38 individuals. predisposing factors for diabetes and its risk level by developing a predictive algorithm using risk prediction survey analyzed Findrisk also various empirical studies supporting prevention to reduce the incidence of the disease was evaluated. The results of studies of Venezuela, countries of the European Union and ours, showed that physical inactivity appeared at a frequency of more than 50%; unbalanced diet in our study was presented by 60%, and less than 40% in others. A prevalence of overweight and obesity with an average of 30 kg /m2 was observed; according to Findrisk, the variations had high risk (11% to 53%) developed countries showed the highest values. The results of the studies showed that modifiable risk factors are highly prevalent in all countries. Findrisk is a valid tool for predicting the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
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Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Atención primaria de salud, Hospital SOLCA de Loja, Cantón Loja, Ecuador, Algoritmos, Adulto