Eficacia y seguridad de las técnicas diagnósticas para detección de alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata, algoritmo diagnóstico
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Las alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata, por las que se realiza cribado (screening), son la hiperplasia prostática benigna y el cáncer de próstata. La hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB) es el tumor benigno más frecuente en varones mayores de 50 años, se caracteriza por el aumento del tamaño de las células prostáticas, que usualmente se acompaña por síntomas urinarios. El cáncer de próstata (CaP) es la modificación de las células normales por descendientes mutantes, con cambios en tamaño, forma y función, es la segunda causa de muerte relacionada con cáncer en Estados Unidos y Europa en mayores de 70 años y su incidencia por debajo de los 50 es rara. El cribado o pruebas de detección, tiene como meta el hallar el cáncer antes de la aparición de síntomas. El diagnóstico de un cáncer en fases tempranas permite un manejo más fácil y prolongar la expectativa de vida al evitar su diseminación y complicaciones asociadas a procedimientos de estadiaje o tratamiento, el cribado no se realiza en pacientes por sospechar que tienen cáncer, sino como un método de pesquisa. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la eficacia y seguridad de las técnicas empleadas en el cribado de alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata, mediante la revisión de los referentes teóricos, definir si dentro del tamizado se realizan exámenes innecesarios y proponer cambios al algoritmo para la detección oportuna de alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata basada en la evidencia actual. Se realizó encuestas acerca de cuáles métodos son los que usualmente recomiendan lo profesionales que manejan estas alteraciones. También se tabuló y comparó los costos con otros centros de atención y el CDP.Los resultados mostraron que el CDP e ION SOLCA mantienen los costos más bajos dentro de los centros privados estudiados, con un sesgo al no considerar otros centros debido a la limitación del tiempo de investigación, además CDP en comparación con ION-SOLCA está limitado en cuanto a eficacia para el diagnóstico, al no contar con pruebas que incremente la sensibilidad del APE como APEl y relación APE/APEl.
Morphological alterations of the prostate, for which perform screening (screening), are benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common in men over 50 years benign tumor, is characterized by enlargement of the prostate cells, which is usually accompanied by urinary symptoms. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the change of normal cells by mutant offspring, with changes in size, shape and function. Is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and Europe in over 70 years and its incidence below 50 is rare. Screening or testing, aims the finding cancer before the onset of symptoms. The diagnosis of cancer in early stages allows easier handling and prolong life expectancy by preventing their spread and complications associated with procedures of low water or treatment, screening is not performed in patients suspect they have cancer, but as a method of research. The objective is determine the efficacy and safety of the techniques used in screening for morphological alterations of the prostate, by reviewing the theoretical framework, define whether within the screening unnecessary tests are performed and propose changes to the algorithm for early detection of morphological alterations of the prostate based on current evidence. Be conducted surveys about which methods are usually recommend professionals who manage these changes. We also calculate and compare costs with other centers and between the CDP and ION-SOLCA. The results showed that the CDP and ION SOLCA maintain the lowest costs within the studied private schools, with a bias by not considering other centers due to the limited research time, as well CDP compared with ION-SOLCA is limited in effectiveness for diagnosis, to not have evidence that increases the sensitivity of PSA, fPSA and relationship PSA/fPSA.
Morphological alterations of the prostate, for which perform screening (screening), are benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common in men over 50 years benign tumor, is characterized by enlargement of the prostate cells, which is usually accompanied by urinary symptoms. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the change of normal cells by mutant offspring, with changes in size, shape and function. Is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and Europe in over 70 years and its incidence below 50 is rare. Screening or testing, aims the finding cancer before the onset of symptoms. The diagnosis of cancer in early stages allows easier handling and prolong life expectancy by preventing their spread and complications associated with procedures of low water or treatment, screening is not performed in patients suspect they have cancer, but as a method of research. The objective is determine the efficacy and safety of the techniques used in screening for morphological alterations of the prostate, by reviewing the theoretical framework, define whether within the screening unnecessary tests are performed and propose changes to the algorithm for early detection of morphological alterations of the prostate based on current evidence. Be conducted surveys about which methods are usually recommend professionals who manage these changes. We also calculate and compare costs with other centers and between the CDP and ION-SOLCA. The results showed that the CDP and ION SOLCA maintain the lowest costs within the studied private schools, with a bias by not considering other centers due to the limited research time, as well CDP compared with ION-SOLCA is limited in effectiveness for diagnosis, to not have evidence that increases the sensitivity of PSA, fPSA and relationship PSA/fPSA.
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PRÓSTATA, DIAGNÓSTICO CLÍNICO, ALGORITMOS, HOSPITAL SOLCA DE GUAYAQUIL, ESTUDIOS DE EVALUACIÓN COMO ASUNTO, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR