Nivel de control prenatal en gestantes con complicacion antenatal. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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El control prenatal es uno de los servicios de atención de salud más utilizados, con el fín de ayudar a la gestante a mantener su bienestar y obtener un resultado saludable para el binomio madre/neonato. Es ventajoso cuando se inicia antes del embarazo, en una visita pre-concepcional para determinar la edad gestacional. Una gestación a la que se agrega una complicación propia del embarazo (antenatal o no), es considerado embarazo de alto riesgo, una enfermedad crónica y aquellas con antecedentes de complicaciones en sus embarazos previos. La mayoría de las muertes durante la gestación se producen por hemorragias, hipertensión, infecciones o abortos producidos en malas condiciones. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el nivel de control prenatal en gestantes con complicación antenatal ingresadas en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor e identificar los casos en que se registró un control prenatal inadecuado, causales valoradas mediante el Índice de Kessner. Esta investigación es de tipo descriptivo y correlacional, de diseño no experimental y transversal en las salas de Cuidados Intermedios I, II y Santa Rita del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor en un período de Enero a Julio de 2011, tomando como muestra 200 pacientes. Se obtuvo como resultado según el Índice de Kessner que el Nivel de Control Prenatal fue Adecuado en un 54.5%, Intermedio en un 36% e Inadecuado en un 9.5%. Un 66.5% no tienen conocimiento sobre el tipo de control prenatal y tan solo un 35.5% contestaron afirmativamente. Las complicaciones estuvieron presentes en su mayoría en gestantes de mayor edad ( 85% ) y en un 15% en gestantes adolescentes. Finalmente al demostrar la importancia de la supervisión médica durante el embarazo se espera la aplicación de programas para su cumplimiento con lo cual se evitaría muertes maternas con atención oportuna en caso de complicaciones
Prenatal care is one of the health care services most used, in order to help the mother to maintain their welfare and get a healthy outcome for mother / infant. It is advantageous when starting before pregnancy, in a pre-conception visit to determine gestational age. A pregnancy to which is added a complication own pregnancy (antenatal or not), is considered high-risk pregnancy, chronic illness and those with a history of complications in previous pregnancies. Most deaths during pregnancy are caused by bleeding, hypertension, infections or unsafe abortions produced. The aim of this study is to determine the level of prenatal care in pregnant women with antenatal complication in hospital ObstetricGynecologic Enrique C. Sotomayor and identify cases where there was an inadequate prenatal care, causal valued by Kessner index. This research is descriptive and correlational, experimental design and not cross intermediate care wards I, II and Santa Rita Hospital Obstetric-Gynecologic Enrique C. Sotomayor in a period from January to July 2011, 200 patients taking as sample. The result was by the Kessner Index of Prenatal Care level was adequate in 54.5%, intermediate in 36% and inadequate in 9.5%. 66.5% have no knowledge of the type of prenatal care and only 35.5% said yes. Complications were present mostly in older pregnant women (85%) and 15% in pregnant adolescents. Finally to demonstrate the importance of medical supervision during pregnancy is expected to implementing compliance programs thereby prevent maternal deaths with timely care for complications.
Prenatal care is one of the health care services most used, in order to help the mother to maintain their welfare and get a healthy outcome for mother / infant. It is advantageous when starting before pregnancy, in a pre-conception visit to determine gestational age. A pregnancy to which is added a complication own pregnancy (antenatal or not), is considered high-risk pregnancy, chronic illness and those with a history of complications in previous pregnancies. Most deaths during pregnancy are caused by bleeding, hypertension, infections or unsafe abortions produced. The aim of this study is to determine the level of prenatal care in pregnant women with antenatal complication in hospital ObstetricGynecologic Enrique C. Sotomayor and identify cases where there was an inadequate prenatal care, causal valued by Kessner index. This research is descriptive and correlational, experimental design and not cross intermediate care wards I, II and Santa Rita Hospital Obstetric-Gynecologic Enrique C. Sotomayor in a period from January to July 2011, 200 patients taking as sample. The result was by the Kessner Index of Prenatal Care level was adequate in 54.5%, intermediate in 36% and inadequate in 9.5%. 66.5% have no knowledge of the type of prenatal care and only 35.5% said yes. Complications were present mostly in older pregnant women (85%) and 15% in pregnant adolescents. Finally to demonstrate the importance of medical supervision during pregnancy is expected to implementing compliance programs thereby prevent maternal deaths with timely care for complications.
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Mujeres embarazadas, Control prenatal, Complicaciones del embarazo, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador