Factores asociados a daños de organos diana en pacientes con hipertensión arterial del Hospital del Día Sur Valdivia, enero - junio 2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La presente investigación tiene por objetivo es identificar los factores asociados al daño
a órganos diana de pacientes hipertensos, para ello se utilizó una metodología
observacional, analítica, retrospectiva de casos y controles. Se realizó el estudio con
una población de 390 pacientes, de los cuales 130 cumplieron la definición de caso y
260 la definición de controles. En su mayor parte la población en general fue de sexo
femenino el 55,6%, el 27,9% de pacientes tienen entre 60 y 69 años, el 59,5% de
pacientes presentaron cifras normales de TAS sistólica o diastólica, el 76,9% no fuma y
el 59,2% tiene tiempo de evolución de HTA de 1 a 10 años. Los promedios de variables
cuantitativas fueron superiores en los casos en comparación de los controles. Se
encontró que 42% de los casos tenían retinopatía hipertensiva, seguida de la cardiopatía
hipertensiva (26%), ictus o enfermedad cerebrovascular (12%), enfermedad vascular
periférica (11%), enfermedad renal hipertensiva (9%). No se halló relación de riesgo
con las variables sexo, edad mayor a 70 años y con tiempo de evolución de la HTA > 10
años. Se halló como factores de riesgo con OR > 2 a las variables: consumo de tabaco,
alcohol, sedentarismo, obesidad, consumo excesivo de sal, control de la HTA e hipercolesterolemia, todas con una relación estadísticamente significativa p: < 0,005.
The present investigation aims to identify the factors associated with damage to target organs of hypertensive patients, using an observational, analytical, retrospective methodology of cases and controls. The study was performed with a population of 390 patients, of whom 130 met the definition of the case and 260 the definition of controls. The majority of the population was female, 55.6%, 27.9% of patients were between 60 and 69 years of age, 59.5% of patients had normal systolic or diastolic SAD, 76 , 9% do not smoke, and 59.2% have a history of hypertension from 1 to 10 years. The averages of quantitative variables were higher in the cases compared to the controls. It was found that 42% of cases had hypertensive retinopathy, followed by hypertensive heart disease (26%), stroke or cerebrovascular disease (12%), peripheral vascular disease (11%), hypertensive renal disease (9%). No risk relationship was found with the variables gender, age greater than 70 years and with a time course of hypertension> 10 years. The risk factors with OR> 2 were: smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, excessive salt intake, hypertension and hypertension, all with a statistically significant relationship p: <0.005.
The present investigation aims to identify the factors associated with damage to target organs of hypertensive patients, using an observational, analytical, retrospective methodology of cases and controls. The study was performed with a population of 390 patients, of whom 130 met the definition of the case and 260 the definition of controls. The majority of the population was female, 55.6%, 27.9% of patients were between 60 and 69 years of age, 59.5% of patients had normal systolic or diastolic SAD, 76 , 9% do not smoke, and 59.2% have a history of hypertension from 1 to 10 years. The averages of quantitative variables were higher in the cases compared to the controls. It was found that 42% of cases had hypertensive retinopathy, followed by hypertensive heart disease (26%), stroke or cerebrovascular disease (12%), peripheral vascular disease (11%), hypertensive renal disease (9%). No risk relationship was found with the variables gender, age greater than 70 years and with a time course of hypertension> 10 years. The risk factors with OR> 2 were: smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, excessive salt intake, hypertension and hypertension, all with a statistically significant relationship p: <0.005.
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ORGANOS DIANA, DAÑO, HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, HOSPITAL SUR VALDIVIA DEL IESS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR