Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y control metabólico en diabéticos 2, Hospital Luis Vernaza, enero - diciembre 2015
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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En el Servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Luis Vernaza se ha observado un aumento progresivo de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 debido a un inadecuado control metabólico y por la falta de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico llevando a que se presenten complicaciones micro y macrovasculares. El objetivo fue determinar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y control metabólico de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el Hospital Luis Vernaza en el período de enero a diciembre del 2015. En cuanto a la metodología fue un estudio de tipo descriptivo, observacional, de diseño no experimental y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 221 pacientes entre 25 y 64 años de edad con más de 3 meses de diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Entre las variables consideradas fueron la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y control metabólico. Dentro de los resultados más relevantes se encontró que el 48 % de los pacientes presentaron adherencia terapéutica, especialmente cuando se trató de terapias con antidiabéticos orales; el 55.2% de la totalidad de pacientes fueron mujeres, de las cuales el 45.9% presentó adherencia terapéutica. El control metabólico fue evaluado con variables como hemoglobina glicosilada y colesterol HDL, cuyos valores mejoraron al cabo de 6 meses en el grupo de pacientes con adherencia al tratamiento, en relación a los pacientes no adherentes entre los cuales se mantuvieron los valores alterados en este periodo; la obesidad y la hipertensión arterial fueron las patologías asociadas más frecuentes en los pacientes adherentes y no adherentes con un 21.7% y 24.4%, respectivamente. En relación a las conclusiones se observó que el control metabólico fue mejor en los pacientes con adherencia terapéutica, en relación al grupo no adherente, por lo tanto sería de importancia implementar estrategias para valorar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2.
There has been a progressive increase of diabetes mellitus type 2 patients at the Endocrinology Service of Hospital Luis Vernaza and the reasons are inadequate metabolic control and lack of adherence to pharmacological treatment leading to a micro and macrovascular complications. The objective was to determine the adherence to pharmacological treatment and metabolic control in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients of Hospital Luis Vernaza between January and December 2015. About methodology, it was a descriptive and observational study with a non-experimental and retrospective design. The sample included 221 patients between 25 and 64 years old with more than 3 months of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2. The variables were adherence to pharmacological treatment and metabolic control. Among the most relevant results, 48 % of patients had adherence to pharmacological treatment especially when it was an oral antidiabetic therapy; 55.2% of all patients were female, from which 45.9% presented adherence to pharmacological treatment. The metabolic control was assessed with glycosylated hemoglobin and HDL cholesterol and the rates got better after 6 months in the adherent group compared to the non-adherent group which kept abnormal rates in this period; obesity and hypertension were the most common associated diseases among adherent and non-adherent patients in a 21.7% and 24.4%, respectively. According to the conclusions, the metabolic control was better in patients with adherence to pharmacological treatment compared to the non-adherent group, and this the reason why it is necessary to stablish strategies to assess adherence to pharmacological treatment in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients.
There has been a progressive increase of diabetes mellitus type 2 patients at the Endocrinology Service of Hospital Luis Vernaza and the reasons are inadequate metabolic control and lack of adherence to pharmacological treatment leading to a micro and macrovascular complications. The objective was to determine the adherence to pharmacological treatment and metabolic control in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients of Hospital Luis Vernaza between January and December 2015. About methodology, it was a descriptive and observational study with a non-experimental and retrospective design. The sample included 221 patients between 25 and 64 years old with more than 3 months of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2. The variables were adherence to pharmacological treatment and metabolic control. Among the most relevant results, 48 % of patients had adherence to pharmacological treatment especially when it was an oral antidiabetic therapy; 55.2% of all patients were female, from which 45.9% presented adherence to pharmacological treatment. The metabolic control was assessed with glycosylated hemoglobin and HDL cholesterol and the rates got better after 6 months in the adherent group compared to the non-adherent group which kept abnormal rates in this period; obesity and hypertension were the most common associated diseases among adherent and non-adherent patients in a 21.7% and 24.4%, respectively. According to the conclusions, the metabolic control was better in patients with adherence to pharmacological treatment compared to the non-adherent group, and this the reason why it is necessary to stablish strategies to assess adherence to pharmacological treatment in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients.
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DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, CUMPLIMIENTO Y ADHERENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO, CONTROL METABOLICO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR