Correlación diagnóstica sonohisterográfica - histeroscópica de patología endometrial en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor desde enero del 2015 a mayo del 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Las patologías endometriales son entidades clínicas frecuentes entre la población femenina en edad reproductiva, premenopausia y postmenopausia. Entre los hallazgos benignos se encuentran los pólipos, los leiomiomas submucosos, adherencias intrauterinas, adenomiosis, anomalías congénitas, más frecuentemente encontradas en mujeres en edad reproductiva. Mientras que existen procesos patológicos más graves como hiperplasia endometrial y el cáncer de endometrio que es más común en la perimenopausia. El diagnóstico de estas patologías puede realizarse por diferentes técnicas, como la ecografía, sonohisterografía e histeroscopía, cada una de ellas con resultados distintos, pero con gran validez diagnóstica. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar la validez y exactitud de la histeroscopía frente a la sonohisterografía en el diagnóstico de patología endometrial, todo esto con el fin de proporcionar una mejor atención para las pacientes y administrar el tratamiento adecuado según una causa específica. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, descriptivo, correlacional, de diseño no experimental, y retrospectivo que comprendió a 109 pacientes a quienes se les realizó sonohisterografía e histeroscopía, con estudio anatomopatológico endometrial por cualquier causa en el Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor en el período de enero 2015 – mayo 2016.. Entre los resultados se observó que el pólipo endometrial fue la patología más frecuentemente diagnosticada ya sea por sonohisterografía e histeroscopía. Además, se determinó que la sensibilidad y especificidad de la sonohisterografía fue del 82.4% y 44.4%, respectivamente; mientras que la histeroscopía presentó una sensibilidad del 94.2% y especificidad del 80.0%, por lo tanto se determinó que ambos estudios son útiles en el diagnóstico de patología endometrial, siendo la histeroscopia el método que presenta mayor sensibilidad y especificidad.
Endometrial diseases are frequent clinic entities among women in reproductive age, pre menopause and post menopause. Benign findings are polyps, submucosal leiomyomas, uterine adherences, adenomyosis and congenital abnormalities, mostly found in reproductive aged women. There are other pathologic conditions such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer which are more frequent during pre-menopause and post-menopause. The diagnosis of these diseases can be obtained using different techniques like ultrasound, sonohysterography and hysteroscopy, each of them with different results but with great diagnostic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the value and accuracy of hysteroscopy vs sonohysterography in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology, all of this to provide a better attention to patients and give the best treatment depending on the specific cause. This study was descriptive, qualitative, correlational, with no experimental and retrospective design. It included all patients who got a sonohysterography and hysteroscopy with endometrial histopathological exam for any reason at Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor in the period of January 2015 and May 2016.. It was possible to conclude that endometrial polyp was the most frequent finding in the sonohysterography and hysteroscopy. The sonohysterography had a sensibility of 82.4% and specificity of 44.4%, while hysteroscopy had a sensibility of 94.2% and specificity of 80.0%, therefore it was determined that both studies are useful in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology, with hysteroscopy being the method with the greatest sensitivity and specificity
Endometrial diseases are frequent clinic entities among women in reproductive age, pre menopause and post menopause. Benign findings are polyps, submucosal leiomyomas, uterine adherences, adenomyosis and congenital abnormalities, mostly found in reproductive aged women. There are other pathologic conditions such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer which are more frequent during pre-menopause and post-menopause. The diagnosis of these diseases can be obtained using different techniques like ultrasound, sonohysterography and hysteroscopy, each of them with different results but with great diagnostic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the value and accuracy of hysteroscopy vs sonohysterography in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology, all of this to provide a better attention to patients and give the best treatment depending on the specific cause. This study was descriptive, qualitative, correlational, with no experimental and retrospective design. It included all patients who got a sonohysterography and hysteroscopy with endometrial histopathological exam for any reason at Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor in the period of January 2015 and May 2016.. It was possible to conclude that endometrial polyp was the most frequent finding in the sonohysterography and hysteroscopy. The sonohysterography had a sensibility of 82.4% and specificity of 44.4%, while hysteroscopy had a sensibility of 94.2% and specificity of 80.0%, therefore it was determined that both studies are useful in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology, with hysteroscopy being the method with the greatest sensitivity and specificity
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Patología, Sonohisteroscopía, Histeroscopía, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Endometrio