Urgencias neuropsiquiátricas en el paciente adulto mayor atendidas en el Instituto de Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficiencia de Guayaquil 2014
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La población de pacientes geriátricos está aumentando de manera importante en el mundo, un fenómeno que puede observarse también en el Ecuador. Esta población representa demandas especiales en salud, aunque se están haciendo esfuerzos por caracterizar esta demanda. Sin embargo, en lo referente a salud mental, los trabajos en este sentido son casi inexistentes, lo que es un problema al momento de preparar a las instituciones que brindan servicios de atención de urgencias neuropsiquiátricas para la futura situación frente a las demandas de esta población. Con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia de atenciones por urgencias neuropsiquiátricas brindadas a pacientes adultos mayores en el Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Psiquiátrico del Instituto de Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil en el 2014, se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron 174 pacientes de manera aleatoria. Los resultados mostraron que los trastornos del sueño (63%), la psicosis (54%) y la agresividad (51%) fueron las 3 primeras causas de consulta por urgencia neuropsiquiátrica. Entre los factores de riesgo, solo la presencia de enfermedad concomitante se asoció con un aumento significativo del número de casos de trastornos de sueño (p 0.000). La proporción de hombres y mujeres fue similar (48% vs 52%). La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 77 ± 8 años. Se concluye que las urgencias neuropsiquiátricas presentes entre los pacientes no son las que han sido informadas en la mayor parte de los estudios, y esto determina la necesidad de realizar un análisis de tal hallazgo.
The geriatric population is significantly increasing in the world, a phenomenon that can also be observed in Ecuador. This population presents special demands on health, although efforts are being made to characterize this demand. However, with regard to mental health, work in this area are almost nonexistent, which is a problem when preparing the institutions that provide care services for future neuropsychiatric emergency situation facing the demands of this population. In order to establish the incidence of emergency care for neuropsychiatric given to elderly patients in the emergency department of the Psychiatric Hospital of the Institute of Neurosciences, Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil in 2014, a descriptive retrospective study was conducted in which 174 patients were randomly included. The results showed that sleep disorders (63%), psychosis (54%) and aggressiveness (51%) were the three leading causes of neuropsychiatric emergency consultation. Among risk factors, only the presence of concomitant disease was associated with a significant increase in the number of cases of sleep disorders (p 0.000). The proportion of men and women was similar (48% vs 52%). The average age of the patients was 77 ± 8 years. It is concluded that the neuropsychiatric emergencies observed in the patients are not among those that have been reported in most part of the studies, and this determines the need for an analysis of those findings. Keywords
The geriatric population is significantly increasing in the world, a phenomenon that can also be observed in Ecuador. This population presents special demands on health, although efforts are being made to characterize this demand. However, with regard to mental health, work in this area are almost nonexistent, which is a problem when preparing the institutions that provide care services for future neuropsychiatric emergency situation facing the demands of this population. In order to establish the incidence of emergency care for neuropsychiatric given to elderly patients in the emergency department of the Psychiatric Hospital of the Institute of Neurosciences, Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil in 2014, a descriptive retrospective study was conducted in which 174 patients were randomly included. The results showed that sleep disorders (63%), psychosis (54%) and aggressiveness (51%) were the three leading causes of neuropsychiatric emergency consultation. Among risk factors, only the presence of concomitant disease was associated with a significant increase in the number of cases of sleep disorders (p 0.000). The proportion of men and women was similar (48% vs 52%). The average age of the patients was 77 ± 8 years. It is concluded that the neuropsychiatric emergencies observed in the patients are not among those that have been reported in most part of the studies, and this determines the need for an analysis of those findings. Keywords
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Anciano, Neuropsiquiatría, Factores de riesgos, Hospital Psiquiatrico Neurociencias, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador