Incidencia de sintomatología no auditiva en trabajadores con trauma acústico en la Empresa E.M.S.A Serviseair.
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Fecha
2014-05-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
EMSA / Servisair Ecuador, pertenece a una red internacional con vasta experiencia en los servicios de apoyo terrestre para aviones, entre sus servicios están la recepción, manipuleo, bodegaje, custodia, monitoreo y re-pasaje de las mercaderías de importación y exportación que llegan a los Aeropuertos de Quito y Guayaquil. Por su naturaleza una gran parte de los empleados de la empresa se ven expuestos diariamente a un ruido excesivo producido por los aviones, especialmente en el área de carga. Este ruido que supera los 60db provoca traumas acústicos especialmente cuando se relaciona con el uso inadecuado de Equipos de protección Personal (EPP). Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal analizar la incidencia de la sintomatología NO auditiva en el personal de la Empresa para lo cual se determinaron las principales sintomatologías NO auditivas, se identificaron factores de riesgo asociados al trauma, se evaluaron los indicadores de gestión lo que sirvió de base para proponer una mejora en el control y prevención de traumas acústicos mediante el uso de EPP. El trabajo tuvo una metodología Observacional – Exploratoria con un diseño no experimental. Se pudo observar que uno de los principales problemas fue que os trabajadores no eran conscientes de los peligros a los que se exponen diariamente, debido a la falta de capacitación o a la falta de sanciones. Se observó una prevalencia del 17,1% de trauma acústico y cerca del 90% de incidencia de Sintomatología NO Auditiva en estos pacientes lo que ocasiono vistas al médico o ausentismo laboral. El trauma acústico se relacionó directamente con los años de servicio y con el tiempo diario de exposición al ruido. Con estos parámetros se pudo mejorar el sistema de control, proponiendo una mejor forma de supervisión estableciendo indicadores del uso de EPA, limpieza y mantenimiento, además establecer sanciones de acuerdo a la ley y el cambio de personal a otras área cuando el trauma es grave (grado III) o en otros casos la jubilación por invalidez. Se concluyó que - Un adecuado control del uso de EPP, permite que los trabajadores cumplan con la seguridad laboral reduciendo los problemas causados por esta patología mejorando la productividad.
EMSA / Servisair Ecuador, belongs to an international network with vast experience in ground support services for aircraft, among its services are receiving, handling, storage, keeping, monitoring and re-passage of import and export goods arriving the airports in Quito and Guayaquil. By its very nature much of the company's employees are exposed daily to excessive noise produced by aircraft, especially in the cargo area. This noise exceeding 60dB acoustic trauma causes especially when related to the improper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This study's main objective was to analyze the incidence of symptoms auditory NO staff of the Company to which identified major symptomatology hearing NO, we identified risk factors associated with the trauma, we evaluated the performance indicators which served basis for proposing an improvement in the control and prevention of acoustic trauma by using PPE. The study was observational methodology - Exploratory with a nonexperimental design. It was observed that one of the main problems was that workers were not you aware of the dangers they are exposed daily, due to lack of training or lack of sanctions. There was a prevalence of 17.1% of acoustic trauma and about 90% incidence of Hearing NO Symptoms in these patients what caused medical views or absenteeism. Acoustic trauma was directly related to years of service and the daily time of exposure to noise. With these parameters could improve the control system, offering a better way of establishing monitoring indicators EPA use, cleaning and maintenance, and establish penalties under the law and change of personnel to other area when the trauma is severe ( grade III) or other disability retirement cases. It was concluded that - Adequate control the use of PPE, allows workers to comply with occupational safety and reducing the problems caused by this pathology improving productivity.
EMSA / Servisair Ecuador, belongs to an international network with vast experience in ground support services for aircraft, among its services are receiving, handling, storage, keeping, monitoring and re-passage of import and export goods arriving the airports in Quito and Guayaquil. By its very nature much of the company's employees are exposed daily to excessive noise produced by aircraft, especially in the cargo area. This noise exceeding 60dB acoustic trauma causes especially when related to the improper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This study's main objective was to analyze the incidence of symptoms auditory NO staff of the Company to which identified major symptomatology hearing NO, we identified risk factors associated with the trauma, we evaluated the performance indicators which served basis for proposing an improvement in the control and prevention of acoustic trauma by using PPE. The study was observational methodology - Exploratory with a nonexperimental design. It was observed that one of the main problems was that workers were not you aware of the dangers they are exposed daily, due to lack of training or lack of sanctions. There was a prevalence of 17.1% of acoustic trauma and about 90% incidence of Hearing NO Symptoms in these patients what caused medical views or absenteeism. Acoustic trauma was directly related to years of service and the daily time of exposure to noise. With these parameters could improve the control system, offering a better way of establishing monitoring indicators EPA use, cleaning and maintenance, and establish penalties under the law and change of personnel to other area when the trauma is severe ( grade III) or other disability retirement cases. It was concluded that - Adequate control the use of PPE, allows workers to comply with occupational safety and reducing the problems caused by this pathology improving productivity.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, TRAUMA ACÚSTICO, SINTOMATOLOGÍA NO AUDITIVA, EQUIPO DE PROTECCIÓN PERSONAL