Análisis de la ausencia de un cluster marítimo en la ciudad de Guayaquil y su relación con la competitividad del Ecuador
Fecha
2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Resumen
El comercio internacional debe estar organizado para obtener mejores resultados, al respecto, se planteó como objetivo de la investigación, analizar la falta de un cluster marítimo en Guayaquil y su incidencia en la competitividad del comercio exterior en Ecuador. Se aplicó la metodología descriptiva, cuantitativa, con utilización de la encuesta a los empleados de las empresas de carga y descarga de mercancías, cuyos resultados identificaron las causas principales de la ausencia de un clúster marítimo en este sector empresarial, que fueron la falta de organización en un clúster, falta de apoyo gubernamental que se refleja en las limitaciones operativas del Puerto Marítimo; los efectos observados por la ausencia del clúster marítimo de la especialización de carga y descarga, fueron el bajo nivel de eficiencia y productividad en la integración de estas organizaciones, debilitamiento del comercio internacional y disminución de la competitividad en el Puerto de Guayaquil. Los beneficios de la propuesta de un clúster marítimo en la especialización de carga y descarga, podrán palparse en el fortalecimiento de la eficiencia y la productividad, la consolidación del comercio internacional y crecimiento de la competitividad en este puerto, para fomentar a su vez el desarrollo económico del país. En conclusión se pudo corroborar que los clústers marítimos de la actividad de carga y descarga de mercancías, pueden influir en el aumento de la competitividad en el Puerto Marítimo de Guayaquil.
International trade must be organized to obtain better results. In this regard, the objective of the research was to analyze the lack of a maritime cluster in Guayaquil and its impact on the competitiveness of foreign trade in Ecuador. The descriptive, quantitative methodology was applied, with the use of the survey of the employees of the merchandise loading and unloading companies, whose results identified the main causes of the absence of a maritime cluster in this business sector, which were the lack of organization in a cluster, lack of governmental support that is reflected in the operational limitations of the Maritime Port; The effects observed by the absence of the maritime cluster of the specialization of loading and unloading, were the low level of efficiency and productivity in the integration of these organizations, weakening of international trade and diminution of competitiveness in the Port of Guayaquil. The benefits of the proposal of a maritime cluster in the specialization of loading and unloading, can be felt in the strengthening of efficiency and productivity, the consolidation of international trade and growth of competitiveness in this port, to further develop economic of the country. In conclusion it was possible to corroborate that the maritime clusters of the activity of loading and unloading of goods, can influence the increase of competitiveness in the Maritime Port of Guayaquil.
International trade must be organized to obtain better results. In this regard, the objective of the research was to analyze the lack of a maritime cluster in Guayaquil and its impact on the competitiveness of foreign trade in Ecuador. The descriptive, quantitative methodology was applied, with the use of the survey of the employees of the merchandise loading and unloading companies, whose results identified the main causes of the absence of a maritime cluster in this business sector, which were the lack of organization in a cluster, lack of governmental support that is reflected in the operational limitations of the Maritime Port; The effects observed by the absence of the maritime cluster of the specialization of loading and unloading, were the low level of efficiency and productivity in the integration of these organizations, weakening of international trade and diminution of competitiveness in the Port of Guayaquil. The benefits of the proposal of a maritime cluster in the specialization of loading and unloading, can be felt in the strengthening of efficiency and productivity, the consolidation of international trade and growth of competitiveness in this port, to further develop economic of the country. In conclusion it was possible to corroborate that the maritime clusters of the activity of loading and unloading of goods, can influence the increase of competitiveness in the Maritime Port of Guayaquil.
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CLÚSTER, MARÍTIMO, COMPETITIVIDAD, COMERCIO EXTERIOR