Análisis de las devoluciones y propuesta de automatización del proceso de control de envases y tapas defectuosas en la línea de productos abre fácil de Enlit S.A.
Fecha
2012-12-27
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente tesis de grado es: Implementar un método
eficaz para reducir el índice de productos defectuosos en la línea de
envases abre – fácil. Para diagnosticar la situación actual de la empresa,
se ha analizado cada uno de los factores de la cadena de valor, como son
logística de entrada, logística de salida, Operaciones, Marketing y Servicio
Post – Venta, utilizando flujogramas, gráficas de pastel y de barras. El
problema principal detectado en el estudio, se refieren a las devoluciones
de productos de la línea abre – fácil, debido a que no existe un control
adecuado en la revisión de la calidad de las tapas abre – fácil, que llegan
de importación, algunas de ellas vienen defectuosas, otras adquieren
defectos en el transporte hacia la planta, situación que han traído como
consecuencia pérdidas anuales por la suma de $9.830,24, para lo cual fue
necesario la utilización de la Matriz FODA, diagramas de Ishikawa y de
Pareto, descubriendo además una índice de desperdicio del 3%. Las
soluciones escogidas para enfrentar los problemas ha sido la adquisición
de tecnología de punta para el control de defectos en las tapas abre –
fácil, con lo que se reducirán los costos por sueldo de mano de obra, y, se
podrá controlar eficientemente los defectos de los productos, de modo que
no sean percibidos por el cliente. El costo de las soluciones asciende a
$72.610,20, de los cuales $64.608,50 representan la inversión fija y
$8.001,70 los costos de operación. Las soluciones propuestas en este
proyecto, se recuperan en un periodo de 2 años, generando una Tasa
Interna de Retorno (TIR) de 55,08% y un Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de
$149.464,00, con un coeficiente beneficio costo de 2,31, reduciéndose el
desperdicio en un 1,05%, lo que demuestra la factibilidad técnica –
económica de la alternativa de solución escogida.
The objective of this thesis is to: Implement a method effective in reducing the rate of defective products on the line open containers - easy. To diagnose the current situation of the company , has considered each of the factors of the value chain , such as inbound logistics, outbound logistics, Operations , Marketing and Service Post - buying , using flow charts , pie charts and bar graphs . the main problems identified in the study, refer to Returns product line opens - easy, because there is no control appropriate in reviewing the quality of the covers open - easy to reach import , some of them are defective , others take defects in transport to the plant status as they have brought annual losses result in the amount of $ 9,830.24 , for which it was necessary to use the SWOT Matrix , Ishikawa diagrams and Pareto also discovering a waste rate of 3%. the chosen solutions to address the problems has been the acquisition of technology to control defects in open tops - easy , which will reduce costs by wage labor , and is can efficiently control the defects of the products , so that are not perceived by the customer. The cost amounts to solutions $ 72,610.20 , $ 64,608.50 of which represent fixed investment and $ 8,001.70 operating costs . The solutions proposed in this project, are recovered in a period of two years , generating a rate Internal Return ( IRR) of 55.08 % and Net Present Value ( NPV) $ 149,464.00 with a benefit cost ratio of 2.31 , reducing the waste at 1.05% , which demonstrates the technical feasibility - economic alternative chosen solution.
The objective of this thesis is to: Implement a method effective in reducing the rate of defective products on the line open containers - easy. To diagnose the current situation of the company , has considered each of the factors of the value chain , such as inbound logistics, outbound logistics, Operations , Marketing and Service Post - buying , using flow charts , pie charts and bar graphs . the main problems identified in the study, refer to Returns product line opens - easy, because there is no control appropriate in reviewing the quality of the covers open - easy to reach import , some of them are defective , others take defects in transport to the plant status as they have brought annual losses result in the amount of $ 9,830.24 , for which it was necessary to use the SWOT Matrix , Ishikawa diagrams and Pareto also discovering a waste rate of 3%. the chosen solutions to address the problems has been the acquisition of technology to control defects in open tops - easy , which will reduce costs by wage labor , and is can efficiently control the defects of the products , so that are not perceived by the customer. The cost amounts to solutions $ 72,610.20 , $ 64,608.50 of which represent fixed investment and $ 8,001.70 operating costs . The solutions proposed in this project, are recovered in a period of two years , generating a rate Internal Return ( IRR) of 55.08 % and Net Present Value ( NPV) $ 149,464.00 with a benefit cost ratio of 2.31 , reducing the waste at 1.05% , which demonstrates the technical feasibility - economic alternative chosen solution.
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Palabras clave
SISTEMAS ORGANIZACIONALES, ENVASES SANITARIOS, PRODUCTOS DEFECTUOSOS, TAPAS ABRE FÁCIL