Correlacionar sobrepeso con artrosis de rodilla aplicando evaluación del estado nutricional y diseño de guía alimentaria
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
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El presente trabajo se aplica con el propósito de conocer la correlación que existe entre el sobrepeso y la artrosis de rodilla, también para conocer los beneficios existentes en la patología al reducir el peso del paciente. La investigación se desarrolló en el Hospital del IESS Dr. FEDERICO BOLAÑOS MOREIRA DE LA CIUDAD DE MILAGRO, el número fue de 120 pacientes del Hospital los cuales tenían sobrepeso y presentaban artrosis de rodilla. Una correcta alimentación constituye un elemento fundamental para el buen desarrollo psicomotor y somático del ser humano, lo que propone la investigación es mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, disminuir la rápida evolución de la artrosis de rodilla y la aplicación de una guía alimentaria para reducir la sintomatología de la enfermedad especialmente el dolor. Los resultados arrojan que la artrosis de rodilla es una enfermedad que se desarrolla más en el sexo femenino que en el masculino, pero encontrándose que en ambos existe un consumo excesivo de grasas, comidas chatarras, frituras, etc. En los resultados se obtuvo que en el 82% de los pacientes su cuadro doloroso mejoro al bajar de peso, el grupo etario de 51-55 años de edad presento un porcentaje de mejoría del 87% mucho más relevante que los otros dos grupos de 56-60 años y de 61-65 años. También se alcanzaron rangos de IMC muy favorables ya que el 62% de los pacientes obtuvo rangos normales de IMC gracias a la valoración nutricional, la aplicación de la guía alimentaria y las recomendaciones que se le dio al paciente, respecto al consumo de grasas se lograron datos beneficiosos ya que el 84% de los pacientes consumían niveles muy bajos de grasas saturadas. Luego del análisis respectivo de las encuestas y la interpretación de medidas antropométricas se realizaron las respectivas recomendaciones nutricionales, optimizando la mejora de los pacientes
The present work is applied with the purpose of knowing the correlation that exists between overweight and knee osteoarthritis, also to know the existing benefits in the pathology when reducing the weight of the patient. The research was developed in the IESS Hospital Dr. FEDERICO BOLAÑOS MOREIRA OF THE CITY OF MILAGRO, the number was 120 Hospital patients who were overweight and had osteoarthritis of the knee. A correct diet is a fundamental element for the good psychomotor and somatic development of the human being, what the research proposes is to improve the quality of life of the patient, decrease the rapid evolution of osteoarthritis of the knee and the application of a food guide to reduce the symptomatology of the disease, especially pain. The results show that knee osteoarthritis is a disease that develops more in the female than in the male, but found that in both there is excessive consumption of fats, junk foods, fried foods, etc. In the results it was obtained that in 82% of the patients their painful picture improved when losing weight, the age group of 51-55 years of age presented an improvement percentage of 87% much more relevant than the other two groups of 56 -60 years and 61-65 years. Very favorable BMI ranges were also achieved, since 62% of the patients obtained normal ranges of BMI thanks to the nutritional assessment, the application of the food guide and the recommendations given to the patient, regarding the consumption of fats were achieved beneficial data since 84% of patients consumed very low levels of saturated fats. After the respective analysis of the surveys and the interpretation of anthropometric measurements, the respective nutritional recommendations were made, optimizing the improvement of the patients
The present work is applied with the purpose of knowing the correlation that exists between overweight and knee osteoarthritis, also to know the existing benefits in the pathology when reducing the weight of the patient. The research was developed in the IESS Hospital Dr. FEDERICO BOLAÑOS MOREIRA OF THE CITY OF MILAGRO, the number was 120 Hospital patients who were overweight and had osteoarthritis of the knee. A correct diet is a fundamental element for the good psychomotor and somatic development of the human being, what the research proposes is to improve the quality of life of the patient, decrease the rapid evolution of osteoarthritis of the knee and the application of a food guide to reduce the symptomatology of the disease, especially pain. The results show that knee osteoarthritis is a disease that develops more in the female than in the male, but found that in both there is excessive consumption of fats, junk foods, fried foods, etc. In the results it was obtained that in 82% of the patients their painful picture improved when losing weight, the age group of 51-55 years of age presented an improvement percentage of 87% much more relevant than the other two groups of 56 -60 years and 61-65 years. Very favorable BMI ranges were also achieved, since 62% of the patients obtained normal ranges of BMI thanks to the nutritional assessment, the application of the food guide and the recommendations given to the patient, regarding the consumption of fats were achieved beneficial data since 84% of patients consumed very low levels of saturated fats. After the respective analysis of the surveys and the interpretation of anthropometric measurements, the respective nutritional recommendations were made, optimizing the improvement of the patients
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Artrosis de rodilla, Sobrepeso, Evaluación nutricional, Manuales de salud, Hospital del IESS de Milagro Dr. Federico Bolaños Moreira, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva