Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para una empacadora de pescado
Fecha
2019
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Chanduy es uno de los principales puertos pesqueros de la provincia de Santa Elena. En esta parroquia encontramos procesadoras de pescados y plantas procesadoras de harina de pescado las que generan aguas residuales que amenazan al medio ambiente. Por esta razón, es necesario el diseño de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales para estas empacadoras. Este proyecto se realizó en una plana procesadora de pescado, para el desarrollo del sistema, se efectuó un monitoreo de efluente para conocer las características del agua residuak y encontrar el tratamiento adecuado. Se ejecutaron varias pruebas experimentales a la descarga de las aguas residuales y así cumplir con los límites permisibles que dispone el Ministerio de Ambiente. Los experimentos fueron esenciales para diseñar la planta de tratamiento, los diferentes floculantes que se utilizaron son: alumbre, moringa, agua oxigenada, agua mineral, sulfato de cobre y sulfato de aluminio; resultando este ultimo el más efectivo debido a la clarificación que generó en el efluente y no produce muchos lodos, como indica el valor de sólidos suspendidos totales de 15mg/l. Para la etapa final de desinfección se utilizó una lámpara UV que eliminó totalmente a los coliformes presentes en este tipo de aguas. El afluente tratado se reutilizará para limpieza de pisos, recirculación en los baños y limpieza de áreas verdes. Los parámetros de calidad del agua residual tratado están dentro de los límites máximos permisibles que dispone el Ministerio de Ambiente.
Chanduy is one of the main fishing ports of the province of Santa Elena. In this Parroquia there are fish processors and fishmeal processing plants, which generate wastewater that threatens the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to design wastewater treatment plants for these packers. This project was carried out in a fish processing plant. Several experimental tests were carried out to discharge the wastewater and in this way fulfill with the permissible limits established by the Ministry of Environment. The experiments were essential to design the treatment plant, the different flocculants that were used are: alum, moringa, hydrigen peroxide, mineral water, copper sulphate, and aluminium sulfate; resulting this ending the most adequate due to the clarification it generated in the effluent and do not produce much mud, as indicated by the value of total suspended solids of 15 mg/l. To the final phase of disinfection, a UV lamp was used that completely eliminated the coliforms present in this type of water. The treated effluent will be reussed for floor cleaning, recirculation in bathrooms and cleaning of green areas. The quality parameters of the treated wastewater are within the maximum permissible limits established by the Ministry of Environment.
Chanduy is one of the main fishing ports of the province of Santa Elena. In this Parroquia there are fish processors and fishmeal processing plants, which generate wastewater that threatens the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to design wastewater treatment plants for these packers. This project was carried out in a fish processing plant. Several experimental tests were carried out to discharge the wastewater and in this way fulfill with the permissible limits established by the Ministry of Environment. The experiments were essential to design the treatment plant, the different flocculants that were used are: alum, moringa, hydrigen peroxide, mineral water, copper sulphate, and aluminium sulfate; resulting this ending the most adequate due to the clarification it generated in the effluent and do not produce much mud, as indicated by the value of total suspended solids of 15 mg/l. To the final phase of disinfection, a UV lamp was used that completely eliminated the coliforms present in this type of water. The treated effluent will be reussed for floor cleaning, recirculation in bathrooms and cleaning of green areas. The quality parameters of the treated wastewater are within the maximum permissible limits established by the Ministry of Environment.
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Palabras clave
PLANTA DE TRATAMIENTO, FLOCULANTE, LUMINES, LAMPARA UV