Valorar el estado nutricional en pacientes con nefropatía diabética en hemodiálisis elaborando alimentación adecuada en el Centro de Diálisis FARMADIAL S.A.
Fecha
2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La nefropatía diabética constituye la causa más frecuente de insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. Una vez que se establece el daño renal, el cual al principio se manifiesta con proteinuria, el curso clínico de esta complicación es progresiva, la nefropatía es lenta y al principio asintomático, Está claro que esta complicación crónica de la diabetes constituye un problema clínico y de salud de grandes proporciones por la cual la evaluación nutricional de estos pacientes requiere atención especial. Las causas por la cual se presenta la Diabetes Mellitus tipo II es la obesidad, el sobrepeso, o por la edad, y estas causas nos llevara a problemas más graves como la cetoacidosis, hipertensión arterial, retinopatía diabética, neuropatía diabética y nefropatía diabética, estos pacientes requiere atención especial, a medida que la nefropatía progresa puede presentar anorexia, ingesta alimentaria deficiente y pérdida de peso. El objetivo general será establecer el estado nutricional en pacientes con Nefropatía Diabética en Hemodiálisis en el centro de diálisis FARMADIAL S.A, mediante un plan de alimentación adecuada, para mejorar su calidad de vida. El tipo de estudio será descriptivo y analítico, el diseño de la investigación será bibliográfica y documental, el nivel de estudio será científico. La investigación se la realizó en un periodo de seis meses, con pacientes de ambos sexos y de diferentes edades. El propósito de la investigación fue valorar nutricionalmente al paciente con nefropatía diabética que se realice tratamiento de hemodiálisis, elaborando un plan alimentario donde se incrementó macro y micronutriente, mejorando su calidad de vida.
Diabetic nephropathy is the most frequent cause of terminal chronic renal failure. Once the renal damage is established, which initially manifests with proteinuria, the clinical course of this complication is progressive, the nephropathy is slow and initially asymptomatic. It is clear that this chronic complication of diabetes is a clinical problem and of large proportions for which the nutritional evaluation of these patients requires special attention. The causes of Type II Diabetes Mellitus are obesity, overweight, or age, and these causes will lead to more serious problems such as ketoacidosis, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and diabetic nephropathy. Patients require special attention, as the nephropathy progresses may present anorexia, poor food intake and weight loss. The general objective will be to establish the nutritional status in patients with Diabetic Nephropathy in Hemodialysis at the FARMADIAL S.A dialysis center, through an adequate diet, to improve their quality of life. The type of study will be descriptive and analytical, the design of the research will be bibliographic and documentary, the level of study will be scientific. The investigation was carried out in a period of six months, with patients of both sexes and of different ages. The purpose of the research was to assess nutritionally the patient with diabetic nephropathy who undergoes hemodialysis treatment, elaborating a food plan where macro and micronutrient increased, improving their quality of life.
Diabetic nephropathy is the most frequent cause of terminal chronic renal failure. Once the renal damage is established, which initially manifests with proteinuria, the clinical course of this complication is progressive, the nephropathy is slow and initially asymptomatic. It is clear that this chronic complication of diabetes is a clinical problem and of large proportions for which the nutritional evaluation of these patients requires special attention. The causes of Type II Diabetes Mellitus are obesity, overweight, or age, and these causes will lead to more serious problems such as ketoacidosis, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and diabetic nephropathy. Patients require special attention, as the nephropathy progresses may present anorexia, poor food intake and weight loss. The general objective will be to establish the nutritional status in patients with Diabetic Nephropathy in Hemodialysis at the FARMADIAL S.A dialysis center, through an adequate diet, to improve their quality of life. The type of study will be descriptive and analytical, the design of the research will be bibliographic and documentary, the level of study will be scientific. The investigation was carried out in a period of six months, with patients of both sexes and of different ages. The purpose of the research was to assess nutritionally the patient with diabetic nephropathy who undergoes hemodialysis treatment, elaborating a food plan where macro and micronutrient increased, improving their quality of life.
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Valoración nutricional, Nefropatía diabética, Diálisis renal, Dieta, Planes y programas de salud, Epidemiología descriptiva, Centro de Diálisis FARMADIAL S.A., Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador