Mejoramiento de la productividad en la Empresa Universal Sweet Industries S.A.
Fecha
2011-03-25
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente tesis de grado es: Mejorar la productividad del área
de confitería de la empresa Universal Swett Industries S. A. y plantear una propuesta
de mejora para aumentar la capacidad de la planta y reducir el desperdicio.
Para diagnosticar la situación actual de la empresa, se ha analizado los procesos
productivos del área de caramelos duros, para lo cual se han utilizando diagramas
de operaciones, de flujo, de distribución de planta y herramientas de diagnóstico,
como diagramas de Ishikawa y Pareto, con los cuales se detectó los principales
problemas que afectan a esta sección, que conciernen al bajo nivel de eficiencia en
la elaboración del producto en mención, debido a los daños en las máquinas envolvedoras,
que son ocasionados a su vez por la obsolescencia de sus principales
mecanismos, cuyo efecto son los tiempos improductivos y desperdicio observado,
lo que ha traído como consecuencia pérdidas anuales por $223.515,40. La propuesta
para enfrentar los problemas se refiere a la aplicación de la Teoría de Decisiones,
escogiendo la alternativa de solución de reemplazar 14 máquinas envolvedoras
obsoletas por 3 máquinas envolvedoras nuevas, mediante un Método del
Camino Crítico (CPM) que contemple su implementación de manera técnica y
secuencial, para evitar paralizaciones de la planta, operando además con la teoría
de decisiones, para determinar el incremento de la eficiencia desde 78,23% a 85%,
es decir, 6,77% de incremento, evidenciando con ello la factibilidad técnica de la
opción escogida. La inversión total para el reemplazo de 14 máquinas envolvedoras
obsoletas por 3 equipos nuevos asciende a la cantidad de $340.762,80, correspondiendo
la inversión fija el 94,57% ($322.250,00) y a los costos de operación el
5,43% ($18.512,80), que será recuperado en 2 años, generando una Tasa Interna
de Retorno (TIR) de 62,62% y un Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de $770.579,18, lo
que demuestra la factibilidad técnica – económica de la alternativa escogida como
solución al problema.
The objective of this thesis is: Improve the productivity of the area confectionery company Swett Universal Industries SA and make a proposal improvement to increase plant capacity and reduce waste. To diagnose the current situation of the company, has analyzed the processes production of hard candy area, for which were used diagrams operations, flow, and distribution of plant diagnostic tools, as Ishikawa and Pareto charts with which key was detected problems affecting this section concerning the low level of efficiency making the product in question, due to damage to the wrapping machines, which are caused to turn by the obsolescence of the main mechanisms, the effect is observed downtime and waste, which has resulted in annual losses by $ 223,515.40. The proposal to address problems concerning the implementation of Decision Theory, choosing the alternative solution to replace 14 wrapping machines obsolete by 3 new wrapping machines, using a method Critical Path (CPM) that provides for implementation of technically and sequentially, to avoid stoppages of the plant, operating well with theory making, for determining the increase in efficiency from 78.23% to 85%, ie 6.77% increase, thereby evidencing the technical feasibility of the option chosen. The total investment for the replacement of 14 wrapping machines I obsolete by 3 new teams are in the amount of $ 340,762.80, corresponding fixed investment the 94.57% ($ 322,250.00) and the operating costs 5.43% ($ 18,512.80), to be recovered in 2 years, generating an internal rate of Return (IRR) of 62.62% and Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 770,579.18, which demonstrating the technical - economic feasibility of alternative chosen as solution.
The objective of this thesis is: Improve the productivity of the area confectionery company Swett Universal Industries SA and make a proposal improvement to increase plant capacity and reduce waste. To diagnose the current situation of the company, has analyzed the processes production of hard candy area, for which were used diagrams operations, flow, and distribution of plant diagnostic tools, as Ishikawa and Pareto charts with which key was detected problems affecting this section concerning the low level of efficiency making the product in question, due to damage to the wrapping machines, which are caused to turn by the obsolescence of the main mechanisms, the effect is observed downtime and waste, which has resulted in annual losses by $ 223,515.40. The proposal to address problems concerning the implementation of Decision Theory, choosing the alternative solution to replace 14 wrapping machines obsolete by 3 new wrapping machines, using a method Critical Path (CPM) that provides for implementation of technically and sequentially, to avoid stoppages of the plant, operating well with theory making, for determining the increase in efficiency from 78.23% to 85%, ie 6.77% increase, thereby evidencing the technical feasibility of the option chosen. The total investment for the replacement of 14 wrapping machines I obsolete by 3 new teams are in the amount of $ 340,762.80, corresponding fixed investment the 94.57% ($ 322,250.00) and the operating costs 5.43% ($ 18,512.80), to be recovered in 2 years, generating an internal rate of Return (IRR) of 62.62% and Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 770,579.18, which demonstrating the technical - economic feasibility of alternative chosen as solution.
Descripción
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Palabras clave
SISTEMAS PRODUCTIVOS, MEJORA DE PRODUCTIVIDAD, CHOCOLATES, REDUCIR DESPERDICIOS