Manifestaciones orales derivados de los tratamientos de quimioterapia en paciente con leucemia.
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2019-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología.
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El presente trabajo pretende exponer minuciosamente sobre la Leucemia, la cual constituyen un grupo de neoplasias que son exclusivas de la medula ósea y de sus componentes sanguíneos, por lo que las células leucémicas penetran en la sangre y con frecuencia suelen irrumpir otros órganos y tejidos, cabe destacar que la cavidad bucal no está exenta de esto, mostrando de esta manera las conocidas manifestaciones orales secundarias como suelen presentarse, afectando de manera relevante el estado de salud bucal del paciente como son; la afectación de las glándulas salivales, xerostomía, mucoceles, enfermedades periodontales, queilitis angular, lengua saburral y fisuradas, liquen plano, estomatitis aftosa herpetiforme, entre otras atribuidas a la alteración del recuento sanguíneo. También se enlazan a los tratamientos de quimioterapia, radioterapia, trasplantes de médula y sus consecuencias, estos datos serán obtenidos mediante una investigación aplicada en el tratamiento oncológico de un paciente atendido en SOLCA de la ciudad de Guayaquil con Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es dar a conocer al personal de salud que los pacientes oncológicos deben ser tratados de manera integral antes, durante y después del tratamiento antineoplásico, pudiendo identificar de esta manera el tipo de lesiones secundarias presentes, tiempo de duración, secuelas que pueden traer consigo, la frecuencia con las que se presentan y lo importante que es realizar historias clínicas minuciosas que nos lleven a obtener excelentes resultados de manera precoz mejorando significativamente la salud bucal de estos pacientes, además de enlazar al campo médico odontológico con el fin de mejorar los tratamientos integrales.
The aim of the present research is to carefully study the Leukemia, which constitute a group of neoplasms that are exclusive of the bone marrow and its blood components, reason why the leukemic cells penetrate in the blood and often tend to bounce into other organs and tissues. It is worth noting that the oral cavity is not exempt from this issue, showing this way, the known secondary oral manifestations as they usually appear, affecting seriously the state of the patient oral health, such the salivary glands, xerostomia, mucoceles, periodontal diseases, angular cheilitis, saburral and lacerated tongue, lichen planus, aphthous herpetiform stomatitis, among others, due to the alteration of the blood count. They are also related to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bone marrow transplants and their consequences. These data were obtained through a research applied during the oncological treatment of a patient at SOLCA hospital in the city of Guayaquil, who acquired Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. The main purpose of this research is to inform health staff that oncological patients should be treated comprehensively before, during and after antineoplastic treatment. Thus, to be able to identify the type of secondary lesions present, duration time, sequelae that can bring with it, the frequency which they occur, and how important it is to carry out detailed clinical histories that lead accomplish excellent results, in an early manner, significantly improving the oral health of these patients, as well as linking the dental medical field with the goal to improve the integral treatment.
The aim of the present research is to carefully study the Leukemia, which constitute a group of neoplasms that are exclusive of the bone marrow and its blood components, reason why the leukemic cells penetrate in the blood and often tend to bounce into other organs and tissues. It is worth noting that the oral cavity is not exempt from this issue, showing this way, the known secondary oral manifestations as they usually appear, affecting seriously the state of the patient oral health, such the salivary glands, xerostomia, mucoceles, periodontal diseases, angular cheilitis, saburral and lacerated tongue, lichen planus, aphthous herpetiform stomatitis, among others, due to the alteration of the blood count. They are also related to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bone marrow transplants and their consequences. These data were obtained through a research applied during the oncological treatment of a patient at SOLCA hospital in the city of Guayaquil, who acquired Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. The main purpose of this research is to inform health staff that oncological patients should be treated comprehensively before, during and after antineoplastic treatment. Thus, to be able to identify the type of secondary lesions present, duration time, sequelae that can bring with it, the frequency which they occur, and how important it is to carry out detailed clinical histories that lead accomplish excellent results, in an early manner, significantly improving the oral health of these patients, as well as linking the dental medical field with the goal to improve the integral treatment.
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QUIMIOTERAPIA, CAVIDAD ORAL, MANIFESTACIONES BUCALES, LEUCEMIA