Propuesta de un programa ergonómico para disminuir los trastornos osteomusculares dorso lumbares en el personal sanitario no facultativo de las residencias asistidas. Caso estudio: Instituto de Neurociencias de Guayaquil. Año 2013.
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2015-09-04
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo proponer un programa ergonómico para la disminución y/o control de los trastornos Musculo esqueléticos en los trabajadores sanitarios de las Residencias Asistidas de una Institución Psiquiátrica. Se efectúa el estudio en las Residencias asistidas del Instituto de Neurociencias de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el año 2013.Los trabajadores referenciales en estudio constituye el grupo de personal sanitario no facultativo integrados por los Acompañantes terapéuticos, Auxiliares de Enfermería, Ayudantes de Enfermería y Licenciadas de Enfermería cuya misión de cargo es realizar las actividades individuales y grupales para el desarrollo de habilidades dependiendo de la funcionabilidad del residente en programas de autonomía personal habilidades sociales domésticas,higiene, alimentación y auto cuidado. La metodología utilizada se basó en los métodos teóricos y en específico el método MAPO, los resultados fueron presentados en el utilitario excel, que facilitaron la aceptación de la hipótesis planteada, determinándose la incidencia y prevalencia de los trastornos Musculo esqueléticos dorso lumbares .Se considera los casos presentados en los años 2013 en Residencias Asistidas del Instituto de Neuro Ciencias. Se obtiene información de partes diarios, consolidados mensuales, certificados médicos de atención externa y expedientes clínicos.Se analizan los factores de riesgo ocupacional en el personal sanitario de acuerdo a la aplicación delMétodo MAPOpara la evaluación de los riesgos relativos a la postura que adopta el trabajador en la manipulación manual de cargas y su efecto para la salud de los trabajadores, para hacer prevención.La propuesta de solución se basa en eldesarrollo de un Programa Ergonómico de Vigilancia de Salud determina que se debe proponer en las implementaciones de ayudas mecánicas adecuadas y a implementar el Programa de Mecánica corporal y Pausas Activas como herramienta en la prevención de aparición de nuevos casos o complicaciones de trastornos dorso lumbar.
The present study aims to propose an ergonomic program to decrease or control of skeletal muscle disorders in health workers of the assisted residences in a psychiatric institution. The study in the assisted residences of the Neuroscience Institute of the city of Guayaquil is carried out in 2013. In study benchmark workers constitute the Group of non-medical health personnel consisting of therapeutic companions, nursing assistants, nursing aides and nursing graduates whose mission of care is to conduct individual and group activities for the development of skills depending on the functionality of the resident in programs of personal autonomy domestic social skills, hygiene, food and car care.The methodology used was based on the theoretical methods and specific the MAPO method, the results were presented at the excel utility, which facilitated the acceptance of the hypothesis, determining the incidence and prevalence of disorders muscle skeletal lumbar back. Is considered the cases presented in the years 2013assisted residences of the Institute of Neuro science. Information is obtained from daily, consolidated monthly parts, medical certificates of external care and clinical records. We analyze the factors of occupational risk in health personnel according tothe application of the MAPOmethod for the evaluation of the risks linked to the position that the worker in the manual handling of loads and their effect on the health of workers, adopted to make prevention. The proposed solution is based on the development of an ergonomic health surveillance program to implement the program of body mechanics and pauses active as a tool in the prevention of emergence of new cases or complications of lumbar back disorders and determines that he must propose in implementations of suitable mechanical AIDS.
The present study aims to propose an ergonomic program to decrease or control of skeletal muscle disorders in health workers of the assisted residences in a psychiatric institution. The study in the assisted residences of the Neuroscience Institute of the city of Guayaquil is carried out in 2013. In study benchmark workers constitute the Group of non-medical health personnel consisting of therapeutic companions, nursing assistants, nursing aides and nursing graduates whose mission of care is to conduct individual and group activities for the development of skills depending on the functionality of the resident in programs of personal autonomy domestic social skills, hygiene, food and car care.The methodology used was based on the theoretical methods and specific the MAPO method, the results were presented at the excel utility, which facilitated the acceptance of the hypothesis, determining the incidence and prevalence of disorders muscle skeletal lumbar back. Is considered the cases presented in the years 2013assisted residences of the Institute of Neuro science. Information is obtained from daily, consolidated monthly parts, medical certificates of external care and clinical records. We analyze the factors of occupational risk in health personnel according tothe application of the MAPOmethod for the evaluation of the risks linked to the position that the worker in the manual handling of loads and their effect on the health of workers, adopted to make prevention. The proposed solution is based on the development of an ergonomic health surveillance program to implement the program of body mechanics and pauses active as a tool in the prevention of emergence of new cases or complications of lumbar back disorders and determines that he must propose in implementations of suitable mechanical AIDS.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, TRASTORNOS OSTEOMUSCULARES, PERSONAL SANITARIO, VIGILANCIA DE SALUD