Estimación del riesgo de incendio, en asfalto, diseños y servicios del Ecuador S.A. y propuesta de intervención.
Fecha
2016-11-08
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Gestión de Riesgos y Desastres.
Resumen
En los últimos años la gestión de riesgo en el país va logrando afianzarse en el sector público y privado; con la visión de prevenir las amenazas de origen tecnológico se determinó la calificación del riesgo de incendio de la empresa gestora ambiental A.D.S del Ecuador S.A.. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se inició el trabajo con la inspección in situ de las áreas administrativas y de planta, así también el área de influencia directa. Empleando la NTP 599 se realizó el análisis de la situación actual, que determinó un porcentaje mayor (64%) en los factores de propagación y un porcentaje menor en evacuación (11%) y medios de lucha contra incendios (37%), comprobando que no existen las facilidades para la evacuación del personal y los humos, además de la ausencia de medidas organizativas; lo cual fue confirmado con un alto valor de los factores generadores y agravantes (67 puntos) mediante la aplicación de la matriz de MESERI. Una vez realizado el análisis total del riesgo de incendio, se procedió a la elaboración de la propuesta de intervención para disminuir dicho riesgo a niveles aceptables. Este estudio servirá como contribución para el desarrollo de un plan de reducción de riesgos en las empresas privadas, proporcionándoles herramientas metodológicas asequibles a los varios niveles técnicos que requieren de una evaluación del riesgo de incendio a la hora de tomar decisiones, de tal manera que se implementen medidas de prevención y mitigación, con el fin de salvaguardar las vidas humanas, la pérdida de bienes, y la afectación al ambiente.
In recent years, risk management in the country has achieved notoriety in both the public and private sectors; with the vision of preventing threats of technological nature, A.D.S del Ecuador S.A.’s fire risk qualification was determined. To achieve this goal, the first step was an in-situ inspection of the administration areas and the plant, as well as the direct influence area. Using the NTP 599, the current situation analysis was undertaken, which determined a high percentage (64%) in propagation factors and a low percentage in evacuation (11%) and firefighting methods (37%), proving there are no facilities for staff evacuation or smoke diffusion, on top of the absence of organization measures; which was confirmed by a high value of the generating and aggravating factors (67 points) obtained by the application of the MESERI matrix. Once the total analysis of the fire risk was done, an intervention proposal was created in order to reduce the mentioned risk to acceptable levels. This study will serve as a contribution to the development of a risk reduction plan for private companies, offering methodological tools accessible to all technical levels in need of a fire risk evaluation at decision making moments, so as to implement prevention and mitigation measures, with the aim of safeguarding human lives, avoiding property loss and environmental damage.
In recent years, risk management in the country has achieved notoriety in both the public and private sectors; with the vision of preventing threats of technological nature, A.D.S del Ecuador S.A.’s fire risk qualification was determined. To achieve this goal, the first step was an in-situ inspection of the administration areas and the plant, as well as the direct influence area. Using the NTP 599, the current situation analysis was undertaken, which determined a high percentage (64%) in propagation factors and a low percentage in evacuation (11%) and firefighting methods (37%), proving there are no facilities for staff evacuation or smoke diffusion, on top of the absence of organization measures; which was confirmed by a high value of the generating and aggravating factors (67 points) obtained by the application of the MESERI matrix. Once the total analysis of the fire risk was done, an intervention proposal was created in order to reduce the mentioned risk to acceptable levels. This study will serve as a contribution to the development of a risk reduction plan for private companies, offering methodological tools accessible to all technical levels in need of a fire risk evaluation at decision making moments, so as to implement prevention and mitigation measures, with the aim of safeguarding human lives, avoiding property loss and environmental damage.
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Palabras clave
GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS Y DESASTRES, RIESGO DE INCENDIO, PLAN DE AMBIENTE, NTP 599