Detección de bacilo de Koch según técnica de Ziehl Neelsen por baciloscopía directa de esputo en sintomáticos respiratorios de 15 a 70 años
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
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La tuberculosis pulmonar, producida por el Bacilo de Koch, representa un gran problema de salud pública haciendo que el estado gaste grandes esfuerzos económicos, técnicos y sociales para salir de la categoría de país endémico debido a que esta enfermedad es altamente contagiosa, causa la muerte, y las grandes molestias que provoca en la población. El diagnóstico oportuno permite la determinación del Bacilo de Koch por la técnica Ziehl - Neelsen y su incidencia en este tipo de enfermedades pulmonares en pobladores de zonas rurales. Con el fin de prevenir infecciones de mayor gravedad. Este trabajo de investigación científica se desarrolló en el laboratorio de baciloscopía del Sub Centro de salud Guasmo Central Área nº 1. En el lugar antes mencionado, se cumplió con el objetivo de detectar el bacilo de koch en la población comprendida entre los 15 y 70 años, mediante la técnica Ziehl - Neelsen. Previo a la selección de 118 pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios, mediante la ficha médica y la comprobación de síntomas como: tos con flema por más de 15 días; cansancio intenso; sudoración nocturna; pérdida de apetito; pérdida de peso; tos seca persistente, temperatura que oscila entre los 38ºC a 39ºC, malestar general; mostraron que ponían en evidencia este bacilo el mismo que se comprobó en el laboratorio previo a la toma de la muestra y lo que se logró confirmar con la aplicación de la técnica Ziehl - Neelsen. Para lograr los objetivos en este trabajo de tesis del total de 118 muestras examinadas, se notó que la prevalencia del Bacilo de Koch en casos positivos fue de 27.11% a diferencia de los negativos que fueron 72.80% de los pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios que se realizaron la prueba. El trabajo de investigación es realizado bajo el concepto de la investigación de corte transversal, analítica, descriptiva y de campo que busca caracterizar las propiedades importantes del tema sometido a análisis.
Pulmonary tuberculosis, produced by the Bacillus of Koch, represents a major public health problem causing the state to spend great economic, technical and social efforts to leave the category of endemic country because this disease is highly contagious, causes death , and the great inconvenience it causes in the population. Timely diagnosis allows the determination of the Koch Bacillus by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique and its incidence in this type of lung disease in rural people. In order to prevent more serious infections. This scientific research work was carried out in the smear laboratory of the Sub Guasmo Central Health Center Area No. 1. In the aforementioned place, the objective of detecting the bacillus of koch in the population between 15 and 70 years was met , using the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Prior to the selection of 118 symptomatic respiratory patients, through the medical record and the checking of symptoms such as: cough with phlegm for more than 15 days; intense tiredness; night sweats; loss of appetite; weightloss; persistent dry cough, temperature ranging from 38ºC to 39ºC, malaise; They showed that they showed this bacillus, the same that was proven in the laboratory prior to the sampling and what was confirmed with the application of the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. In order to achieve the objectives in this thesis work of the total of 118 samples examined, it was noted that the prevalence of Koch Bacillus in positive cases was 27.11% unlike the negative ones that were 72.80% of the symptomatic respiratory patients who performed the test. The research work is carried out under the concept of cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive and field research that seeks to characterize the important properties of the subject under analysis
Pulmonary tuberculosis, produced by the Bacillus of Koch, represents a major public health problem causing the state to spend great economic, technical and social efforts to leave the category of endemic country because this disease is highly contagious, causes death , and the great inconvenience it causes in the population. Timely diagnosis allows the determination of the Koch Bacillus by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique and its incidence in this type of lung disease in rural people. In order to prevent more serious infections. This scientific research work was carried out in the smear laboratory of the Sub Guasmo Central Health Center Area No. 1. In the aforementioned place, the objective of detecting the bacillus of koch in the population between 15 and 70 years was met , using the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Prior to the selection of 118 symptomatic respiratory patients, through the medical record and the checking of symptoms such as: cough with phlegm for more than 15 days; intense tiredness; night sweats; loss of appetite; weightloss; persistent dry cough, temperature ranging from 38ºC to 39ºC, malaise; They showed that they showed this bacillus, the same that was proven in the laboratory prior to the sampling and what was confirmed with the application of the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. In order to achieve the objectives in this thesis work of the total of 118 samples examined, it was noted that the prevalence of Koch Bacillus in positive cases was 27.11% unlike the negative ones that were 72.80% of the symptomatic respiratory patients who performed the test. The research work is carried out under the concept of cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive and field research that seeks to characterize the important properties of the subject under analysis
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Tuberculosis pulmonar, Bacilo de Koch, Baciloscopía, Centro de Salud Guasmo Central, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Técnica de Ziehl Neelsen