Factores de riesgo en amenaza de parto pre-término en embarazadas adolescentes, plan de prevención
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Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La amenaza de parto pretérmino es de origen multifactorial, pues existen varios
factores de distinta naturaleza que propician la misma, estos se encuentran relacionados,
tanto a la madre como al entorno, la minimización de estos es sumamente necesaria y
más cuando se presentan en la adolescencia, siendo fundamental actuar ante esta
problemática, por lo que la presente investigación tiene como objetivo el diseño de un
plan de prevención de factores de riesgo de amenaza de parto-pretérmino en embarazadas
adolescentes de la Maternidad Enrique C. Sotomayor de Guayaquil, siguiendo una
metodología cuantitativa, para el manejo de información a través de datos recabados de
historias clínicas en el período de enero 2016 a julio 2016, en una muestra de 92 historias
de adolescentes embarazadas con amenaza de parto pretérmino. Los datos obtenidos
demostraron coincidir con otros estudios, pues evidenciaron factores de riesgo tales
como: el inicio de relaciones sexuales a edad temprana, las múltiples parejas sexuales, los
pocos controles prenatales, la multiparidad, el abuso de sustancias psicotrópicas, el
intervalo intergenésico y la presencia de enfermedades en la madre y obstétricas
asociadas. Ante lo cual se propone como novedad científica la elaboración de un plan
educativo para la prevención de factores de riesgo de amenaza de parto-pretérmino en
embarazadas adolescentes de la Maternidad Enrique C. Sotomayor de Guayaquil.
The threat of preterm birth is of multifactorial origin, because there are several factors of different nature that propitiate the same, these are related to both the mother and the environment, minimization of these is extremely necessary and more when they occur in adolescence , Being essential to deal with this problem, so the present research aims to design a plan for prevention of risk factors of childbirth-preterm threat in pregnant teenagers of the Maternity Enrique C. Sotomayor Guayaquil, following a methodology Quantitative data for the management of information through data collected from clinical records from January 2016 to July 2016 in a sample of 92 stories of pregnant adolescents with threatened preterm birth. The data obtained proved to coincide with other studies, since they showed risk factors such as: the onset of sexual intercourse at an early age, multiple sexual partners, few prenatal controls, multiparity, psychotropic substance abuse, intergenetic interval and Presence of diseases in the mother and associate obstetricians. In view of this, it is proposed as scientific novelty the elaboration of an educational plan for the prevention of risk factors of childbirth-preterm threat in pregnant teenagers of the Maternity Enrique C. Sotomayor of Guayaquil.
The threat of preterm birth is of multifactorial origin, because there are several factors of different nature that propitiate the same, these are related to both the mother and the environment, minimization of these is extremely necessary and more when they occur in adolescence , Being essential to deal with this problem, so the present research aims to design a plan for prevention of risk factors of childbirth-preterm threat in pregnant teenagers of the Maternity Enrique C. Sotomayor Guayaquil, following a methodology Quantitative data for the management of information through data collected from clinical records from January 2016 to July 2016 in a sample of 92 stories of pregnant adolescents with threatened preterm birth. The data obtained proved to coincide with other studies, since they showed risk factors such as: the onset of sexual intercourse at an early age, multiple sexual partners, few prenatal controls, multiparity, psychotropic substance abuse, intergenetic interval and Presence of diseases in the mother and associate obstetricians. In view of this, it is proposed as scientific novelty the elaboration of an educational plan for the prevention of risk factors of childbirth-preterm threat in pregnant teenagers of the Maternity Enrique C. Sotomayor of Guayaquil.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Amenaza de parto prematuro, Factores de riesgo, Programas educativos, Medicina preventiva, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador