Prevalencia de procesos mórbidos a corto plazo y mortalidad en neonatos pretérminos de bajo peso. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor. 2013
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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En la última década, la proporción de neonatos prematuros con bajo peso al nacer están aumentando y son los responsables del 30% de las muertes neonatales tempranas. Con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de los procesos mórbidos a corto plazo y la mortalidad entre recién nacidos pretérmino de bajo peso en el hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, no experimental, longitudinal retrospectivo, en el que se incluyeron de manera aleatoria 80 neonatos pretérmino con bajo peso al nacer que fueron atendidos en ésta institución entre el 1 de julio de 2013 al 31 de diciembre de 2013. Los resultados mostraron una prevalencia de prematuros PEG del 79,2%. La morbilidad entre éstos recién nacidos fue del 77,5%. Los principales procesos mórbidos fueron la enfermedad de membrana hialina (77,5%), enterocolitis necrotizante (46,3%), la hemorragia ventricular GIII y IV (36,3%) y la anemia (35%). La mortalidad fue del 23,8%. Los procesos mórbidos con la mayor mortalidad fueron la displasia broncopulmonar (50%), la leucomalacia periventricular (50%) y la hemorragia ventricular GIII y IV (41,4%) enterocolitis necrotizante (29.7%), enfermedad de membrana hialina (22.5%). Se concluye que entre los neonatos pequeños para la edad gestacional nacidos en esta casa de salud, existe un número elevado de procesos mórbidos y que la mortalidad es alta, aunque esta tasa se encuentra entre parámetros esperados.
In the last decade, the proportion of preterm infants with low birth weight are increasing and are responsible for 30% of early neonatal deaths. In order to determine the prevalence of disease processes in the short term and mortality among preterm infants underweight in Enrique C. Sotomayor Hospital a quantitative, observational, descriptive, not experimental, longitudinal retrospective study, in which randomly included 80 preterm infants with low birth weight who were treated at this institution between July 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013. The results showed a prevalence of 79.2% PEG premature. Morbidity among these newborns was 77.5%. The main disease processes were hyaline membrane disease (77.5 %) The major disease processes were necrotizing enterocolitis (46.3%), ventricular hemorrhage GIII and IV (36.3%) and anemia (35%). The mortality rate was 23.8%. The disease processes with increased morbidity were bronchopulmonary dysplasia (50%), periventricular leukomalacia (50% and ventricular hemorrhage GIII and IV (41.4%). It is concluded that among small for gestational age infants born in this nursing home, there is a large number of disease processes and that mortality is high, although this rate is between normal parameters.
In the last decade, the proportion of preterm infants with low birth weight are increasing and are responsible for 30% of early neonatal deaths. In order to determine the prevalence of disease processes in the short term and mortality among preterm infants underweight in Enrique C. Sotomayor Hospital a quantitative, observational, descriptive, not experimental, longitudinal retrospective study, in which randomly included 80 preterm infants with low birth weight who were treated at this institution between July 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013. The results showed a prevalence of 79.2% PEG premature. Morbidity among these newborns was 77.5%. The main disease processes were hyaline membrane disease (77.5 %) The major disease processes were necrotizing enterocolitis (46.3%), ventricular hemorrhage GIII and IV (36.3%) and anemia (35%). The mortality rate was 23.8%. The disease processes with increased morbidity were bronchopulmonary dysplasia (50%), periventricular leukomalacia (50% and ventricular hemorrhage GIII and IV (41.4%). It is concluded that among small for gestational age infants born in this nursing home, there is a large number of disease processes and that mortality is high, although this rate is between normal parameters.
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RECIEN NACIDO PRENATURO, BAJO PESO AL NACER, MORBILIDAD, MORTALIDAD INFANTIL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL GINECO-OBSTETRICO ENRIQUE C. SOTOMAYOR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR