Factores de riesgo de las enfermedades diverticulares
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las enfermedades diverticulares son un trastorno la pared interna de todo el trayecto colonico, aunque principalmente se localizan en el colon sigmoideo, los divertículos son protrusiones de pequeños tamaños de forma sacular y suele afecta a personas de 50 a 80 años de edad.
La presente tesis se enfoca en recabar información de los factores de riesgo que inciden para la aparición de las enfermedades diverticulares; tales como: la obesidad, sobrepeso, mala alimentación, sedentarismo, alcoholismo y el tabaquismo que son los factores predisponentes para la formación de esta enfermedad.
Para este estudio tesis hemos utilizado una metodología comprensiva a través de una investigación explicativa, cuantitativa, experimental para la cual se ha recolectado datos estadísticos del Hospital de especialidades “Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón”, de la ciudad de Guayaquil – Ecuador, en el periodo entre Enero 2017 – Diciembre 2018. En el cual se incluyeron a pacientes de 30 – 92 años de edad, con enfermedades diverticulares, encontrándose 25 casos en el 2017 y 40 casos en el 2018. El grupo etario más afectado fue en pacientes de sexo masculino con un porcentaje del 60% en el 2018 y entre las edades de 30 – 50 años de edad con un 73%. Los signos y síntomas que predominaron con el 100% fueron el dolor abdominal y el estreñimiento. La etiología que predomino fue la diverticulosis no complicada con un promedio del 12% del total de los casos recolectados. La mortalidad registrada es del 12% y 13% de cada año respectivamente.
Diverticular diseases are disorders of the inner lining of the entire colon pathway, although mainly located in the sigmoid colon. Diverticula are protrusions of small sizes of saccular shape and usually affects people of 50 to 80 years of age. This thesis focuses on gathering information on the risk factors that affect the appearance of diverticular diseases. The risk factors include obesity, overweight, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, and smoking are the predisposing factors for the formation of this disease. For this thesis, we have used a comprehensive methodology through an explanatory investigation, quantitative, and experimental research for which statistical data has been collected from the hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón from the city of Guayaquil - Ecuador, in the period between January 2017 - December 2018. In which patients from 30 to 92 years of age were included, with diverticular diseases, 25 cases were found in 2017 and 40 cases in 2018. The most affected age group was in male patients with a percentage of 60% in 2018 and between the ages of 30 - 50 years of age with 73%. The signs and symptoms that predominated with 100% were abdominal pain and constipation. The etiology that prevailed was uncomplicated diverticulosis with an average of 12% of the total cases collected. The registered mortality is of 12% and 13% of each year respectively.
Diverticular diseases are disorders of the inner lining of the entire colon pathway, although mainly located in the sigmoid colon. Diverticula are protrusions of small sizes of saccular shape and usually affects people of 50 to 80 years of age. This thesis focuses on gathering information on the risk factors that affect the appearance of diverticular diseases. The risk factors include obesity, overweight, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, and smoking are the predisposing factors for the formation of this disease. For this thesis, we have used a comprehensive methodology through an explanatory investigation, quantitative, and experimental research for which statistical data has been collected from the hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón from the city of Guayaquil - Ecuador, in the period between January 2017 - December 2018. In which patients from 30 to 92 years of age were included, with diverticular diseases, 25 cases were found in 2017 and 40 cases in 2018. The most affected age group was in male patients with a percentage of 60% in 2018 and between the ages of 30 - 50 years of age with 73%. The signs and symptoms that predominated with 100% were abdominal pain and constipation. The etiology that prevailed was uncomplicated diverticulosis with an average of 12% of the total cases collected. The registered mortality is of 12% and 13% of each year respectively.
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Factores de riesgo, Enfermedades diverticulares, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Causalidad