Complicaciones neonatales en casos de embarazos con diagnóstico de VIH y sífilis ingresados en el Hospital Guasmo Sur periodo 2017 - 2018
Fecha
2019
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar las principales complicaciones y comorbilidades presentes en neonatos nacidos de madres con Diagnóstico de VIH y Sífilis durante el embarazo, durante el período comprendido entre agosto del 2017 y diciembre del 2018. Metodología: Estudio observacional, de enfoque cuantitativo, analítico, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, que incluyó a 114 historias clínicas de gestantes diagnosticadas con VIH + Sífilis en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur durante el periodo del 1 de agosto del 2017 al 31 de diciembre del 2018. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial, además del software estadístico SPSS versión 21 para el procesamiento estadístico. Resultados: La prevalencia de neonatos expuestos a VIH, sífilis y VIH/Sífilis en el 2017 y 2018 fue del 4,39%, 1,75% y 42,98% respectivamente De los 14 neonatos hijos de madres con VIH, el 57,14% (8) desarrollaron complicaciones; de los 94 neonatos hijos de madres con Sífilis, el 80,85% (76) desarrollaron complicaciones, además los 6 neonatos expuesto al VIH /Sífilis el 100% (6) desarrollaron complicaciones. Las complicaciones neonatales más frecuentes en los RN expuestos a VIH fueron el bajo peso al nacer (38%), y prematurez (38%). Las complicaciones en los RN expuestos a sífilis fueron la sífilis congénita (78%) y bajo peso al nacer (46%) Conclusiones: Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los neonatos expuestos con la presencia de factores de riesgo (p = 0,000). Además, la estimación de riesgo indica que la presencia de factores asociados aumenta 12 veces el riesgo de infección en relación al grupo que no los posee (OR: 12,874).
Objective: To determine the main complications and comorbidities present in neonates born to mothers diagnosed with HIV and Syphilis during pregnancy, during the period between August 2017 and December 2018. Methodology: Observational study, with a quantitative, analytical, retrospective and of cross section, which included 114 medical records of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV + Syphilis in the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period from August 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, as well as statistical software SPSS version 21 for statistical processing. Results: The prevalence of neonates exposed to HIV, syphilis and HIV / Syphilis in 2017 and 2018 was 4.39%, 1.75% and 42.98% respectively. Of the 14 infants born to mothers with HIV, 57, 14% (8) developed complications; Of the 94 neonates born to mothers with syphilis, 80.85% (76) developed complications, in addition the 6 infants exposed to HIV / Syphilis 100% (6) developed complications. The most frequent neonatal complications in the NB exposed to HIV were low birth weight (38%) and prematurity (38%). Complications in the NB exposed to syphilis were congenital syphilis (78%) and low birth weight (46%). Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between exposed neonates with the presence of risk factors (p = 0.000). In addition, the risk estimate indicates that the presence of associated factors increases 12 times the risk of infection in relation to the group that does not have them (OR: 12,874).
Objective: To determine the main complications and comorbidities present in neonates born to mothers diagnosed with HIV and Syphilis during pregnancy, during the period between August 2017 and December 2018. Methodology: Observational study, with a quantitative, analytical, retrospective and of cross section, which included 114 medical records of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV + Syphilis in the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period from August 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, as well as statistical software SPSS version 21 for statistical processing. Results: The prevalence of neonates exposed to HIV, syphilis and HIV / Syphilis in 2017 and 2018 was 4.39%, 1.75% and 42.98% respectively. Of the 14 infants born to mothers with HIV, 57, 14% (8) developed complications; Of the 94 neonates born to mothers with syphilis, 80.85% (76) developed complications, in addition the 6 infants exposed to HIV / Syphilis 100% (6) developed complications. The most frequent neonatal complications in the NB exposed to HIV were low birth weight (38%) and prematurity (38%). Complications in the NB exposed to syphilis were congenital syphilis (78%) and low birth weight (46%). Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between exposed neonates with the presence of risk factors (p = 0.000). In addition, the risk estimate indicates that the presence of associated factors increases 12 times the risk of infection in relation to the group that does not have them (OR: 12,874).
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
EMBARAZO, COMPLICACIONES NEONATALES, VIRUS DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA HUMANA, SIFILIS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITALES GENERAL GUASMO SUR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR