Utilidad de la procalcitonina como marcador diagnóstico temprano de shock séptico en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Antecedentes: Al área de Cuidados Intensivos ingresan paciente con diferentes diagnósticos y pronósticos de vida, es de vital importancia un diagnóstico oportuno y eficaz para prevenir el aumento de la mortalidad por cuadro de shock séptico de pacientes de esta área del Hospital Guayaquil. Durante el período de estudio de los años 2017 al 2018 ingresaron 200 pacientes, de los cuales 100 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de sepsis que corresponden al 50 % del total de ingresos de este periodo de estudio. Objetivo: Determinar si la procalcitonina es un marcador de diagnóstico temprano específico de shock séptico de los pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Guayaquil “Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón”, en el período del año 2017 al 2018. Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio cuantitativo-descriptivo, de corte transversal, observacional, retrospectivo. La información se basará en estadísticas obtenidas de fichas médicas de pacientes que ingresaron al área de Cuidados Intensivos con prediagnóstico de sepsis y que fueron sometidos a la prueba de PCT del Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, en el período 2017 - 2018. Muestra: Está conformado por un total de 100 pacientes en el año 2017 - 2018 del Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón, los cuales fueron sometidos a las pruebas de PCT. Resultados: de los 100 pacientes el grupo de edad comprendido entre los 18 - 20 años, el 3% presentó alto riesgo de sepsis, 2% sin riesgo de sepsis, 5% bajo riesgo y 5% riesgo moderado. El grupo de 21 - 40 años el 10% no presentó riesgo de sepsis, el 20 % alto riesgo, 15% bajo riesgo y 15% moderado riesgo de sepsis. En el grupo de 41 a 60 años el 6% no presentó riesgo, el 9% alto riesgo, el 5% bajo riesgo y el 5% riesgo moderado. Hay que proponer que se realicen futuros estudios respecto al uso de la PCT. Incentivar al personal médico para que utilice el marcador de PCT como complemento de diagnóstico y para la aplicación temprana de antibiótico terapia.
Background: The intensive care area admits patients with different diagnosis and prognosis of life is of vital importance an effective timely diagnosis to prevent the increase of mortality due to septic shock in patients from this area of Guayaquil hospital. During the study period from 2017 to 2018, 200 patients entered, of which 100 patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis correspond to 50% of the total income of this study period. Objective: To determine whether procalcitonin is a marker of early diagnosis specific to septic shock in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the Guayaquil Hospital "Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón." In the period from 2017 to 2018. Materials and methods: It are a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study. The information will be based on statistics obtained from medical records of patients who entered the intensive care area with prediagnosis of sepsis and who underwent the PCT test of the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón specialty hospital, in the 2017 to 2018 period. Sample: It is made up of a total of 100 patients in the year 2017 to 2018 of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital, who underwent the PCT tests. Results: of the 100 patients in the age group between 18 and 20 years, 3% presented a high risk of sepsis, 2% without sepsis risk, 5% low risk and 5% moderate risk. The group of 21 - 40 years old 10% did not present risk of sepsis, 20% high, 15% low risk 15% moderate risk of sepsis. In the group of 41 to 60 years, 6% presented no risk, 9% high risk, 5% low risk and 5% moderate risk. It is necessary to propose that future studies be carried out regarding the use of PCT. Encourage medical personnel to use the PCT marker as a diagnostic complement and for the early application of antibiotic therapy.
Background: The intensive care area admits patients with different diagnosis and prognosis of life is of vital importance an effective timely diagnosis to prevent the increase of mortality due to septic shock in patients from this area of Guayaquil hospital. During the study period from 2017 to 2018, 200 patients entered, of which 100 patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis correspond to 50% of the total income of this study period. Objective: To determine whether procalcitonin is a marker of early diagnosis specific to septic shock in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the Guayaquil Hospital "Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón." In the period from 2017 to 2018. Materials and methods: It are a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study. The information will be based on statistics obtained from medical records of patients who entered the intensive care area with prediagnosis of sepsis and who underwent the PCT test of the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón specialty hospital, in the 2017 to 2018 period. Sample: It is made up of a total of 100 patients in the year 2017 to 2018 of the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital, who underwent the PCT tests. Results: of the 100 patients in the age group between 18 and 20 years, 3% presented a high risk of sepsis, 2% without sepsis risk, 5% low risk and 5% moderate risk. The group of 21 - 40 years old 10% did not present risk of sepsis, 20% high, 15% low risk 15% moderate risk of sepsis. In the group of 41 to 60 years, 6% presented no risk, 9% high risk, 5% low risk and 5% moderate risk. It is necessary to propose that future studies be carried out regarding the use of PCT. Encourage medical personnel to use the PCT marker as a diagnostic complement and for the early application of antibiotic therapy.
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Procalcitonina, Choque séptico, Estudios retrospectivos, Epidemiología descriptiva, Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador