Incidencia de infecciones gastrointestinales en pacientes VIH en el Hospital Rodríguez Maridueña en el periodo 2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El VIH-SIDA, es una enfermedad de impacto mundial por la cantidad de vidas que ha cobrado hasta la actualidad. Las infecciones gastrointestinales en este tipo de pacientes son muy diversas, un dato orientador sobre la etiología y la gravedad va a ser el contaje de linfocitos CD4 y en menos proporción la carga viral, pues cuanto más bajo este el contaje de linfocitos tenemos que es más probable que agentes como la Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Microsporidium, Cyclospora e Isospora belli estén involucrados. Un 43% de los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital de Infectología en el 2018, fue por algún trastorno gastrointestinal, independiente de la causa.
En este estudio determinó que el principal agente etiológico, causante de infecciones gastrointestinales en pacientes VIH positivo fue el MICOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. Los factores de riesgo más importantes, son el abandono de tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) 65%, y no haber recibido terapia ARV por desconocer su diagnóstico (reciente), 29%.
La carga viral mayor de 10.000 copias y contaje de CD4 menor de 200 está directamente relacionado como factor de riesgo para presentar enfermedades gastrointestinales infecciosas en los pacientes con VIH; el sexo con mayor prevalencia es el masculino, 65% y el grupo etario más vulnerable es el comprendido entre 31 a 50 años, 48%. La mayor parte de los pacientes de este estudio provienen de la zona urbana, 63%.
VIH-SIDA is a disease with a global impact due to the number of lives that it has claimed up to now. Gastrointestinal infections in this type of patient is very diverse, presumably a guideline on the etiology and the severity of these will be the count of CD4 lymphocytes and in less proportion the viral load, because the lower this count of lymphocytes we have that agents such as Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Microsporidium, Cyclospora and Isospora belli are more likely to be involved. 43% of the patients treated at the Hospital de Infectología in 2018 were due to a gastrointestinal disorder, regardless of the cause. In this study it was possible to determine that the main etiologic agent causing gastrointestinal infections in HIV positive patients was MICOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. The most important risk factors are the abandonment of TAR treatment 65%, and not having received TAR therapy for not knowing its diagnosis (recent), 29%. Viral load greater than 10,000 copies and CD4 count less than 200 is directly related as a risk factor for presenting infectious gastrointestinal diseases in patients with HIV; the sex with the highest prevalence is male, 65% and the most vulnerable age group is between 31 to 50 years, 48%. Most of the patients in this study come from the urban area.
VIH-SIDA is a disease with a global impact due to the number of lives that it has claimed up to now. Gastrointestinal infections in this type of patient is very diverse, presumably a guideline on the etiology and the severity of these will be the count of CD4 lymphocytes and in less proportion the viral load, because the lower this count of lymphocytes we have that agents such as Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Microsporidium, Cyclospora and Isospora belli are more likely to be involved. 43% of the patients treated at the Hospital de Infectología in 2018 were due to a gastrointestinal disorder, regardless of the cause. In this study it was possible to determine that the main etiologic agent causing gastrointestinal infections in HIV positive patients was MICOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS. The most important risk factors are the abandonment of TAR treatment 65%, and not having received TAR therapy for not knowing its diagnosis (recent), 29%. Viral load greater than 10,000 copies and CD4 count less than 200 is directly related as a risk factor for presenting infectious gastrointestinal diseases in patients with HIV; the sex with the highest prevalence is male, 65% and the most vulnerable age group is between 31 to 50 years, 48%. Most of the patients in this study come from the urban area.
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INFECCIONES GASTROINTESTINALES, VIRUS DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA HUMANA, ETIOLOGIA, HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGIA DR. JOSE DANIEL RODRIGUEZ MARIDUEÑA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR