Tuberculosis pulmonar perfil clínico y epidemiológico
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Fecha
2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Tuberculosis pulmonar es un cuadro patológico desarrollado en las vías respiratorias bajas, Hasta la actualidad, sigue siendo un problema en atención de salud a nivel global y nacional, genera un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida, puesto que se asocia a un sin número de afecciones y complicaciones que comprometen el estado de salud y aumenta el riesgo de mortalidad. La Investigación se la realizó en el Centro de Salud Proletarios Sin Tierra de la ciudad de Guayaquil, provincia del Guayas, Ecuador. Consiste en un trabajo de investigación de corte transversal, en el cual se realiza un análisis de resultados de tipo descriptivo, sin intervención o experimentación y desarrollado bajo un enfoque retrospectivo, de datos de pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis del Departamento de Estadísticas del Centro de Salud, se puede apreciar que, de un universo de 8000 casos atendidos, 112 pacientes (1,4%), correspondieron a tuberculosis. Es decir, que al menos uno de cada 150 pacientes atendidos posee esta patología. Es importante y necesario llevar a cabo el presente trabajo de investigación puesto que no se ha logrado identificar de forma local la prevalencia de las diferentes características, tanto epidemiológicas como clínicas, concluyendo que el dolor torácico y la hemoptisis representan los síntomas de mayor relevancia, el edema agudo de pulmón constituye la principal complicación, el sexo masculino y la edad del paciente mayor a 40 años representan las condiciones de mayor riesgo y las más prevalentes en relación al desarrollo de Tuberculosis Pulmonar.
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a pathological condition developed in the lower respiratory tract. Until now, it continues to be a problem in health care at a global and national level, it has a negative impact on the quality of life, since it is associated with countless conditions and complications that compromise health status and increase the risk of mortality. The research was carried out at the Proletariat Sin Tierra Health Center in the city of Guayaquil, province of Guayas, Ecuador. It consists of a cross-sectional research work, in which a descriptive analysis of results is carried out, without intervention or experimentation and developed under a retrospective approach, of data of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis from the Health Center Statistics Department , it can be seen that, of a universe of 8000 cases attended, 112 patients (1.4%), corresponded to tuberculosis. That is to say, that at least one of every 150 patients attended has this pathology. It is important and necessary to carry out the present research work since it has not been possible to locally identify the prevalence of the different characteristics, both epidemiological and clinical, concluding that the thoracic pain and hemoptysis represent the most relevant symptoms, Acute pulmonary edema constitutes the main complication, the male sex and the age of the patient older than 40 represent the conditions of greatest risk and the most prevalent in relation to the development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a pathological condition developed in the lower respiratory tract. Until now, it continues to be a problem in health care at a global and national level, it has a negative impact on the quality of life, since it is associated with countless conditions and complications that compromise health status and increase the risk of mortality. The research was carried out at the Proletariat Sin Tierra Health Center in the city of Guayaquil, province of Guayas, Ecuador. It consists of a cross-sectional research work, in which a descriptive analysis of results is carried out, without intervention or experimentation and developed under a retrospective approach, of data of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis from the Health Center Statistics Department , it can be seen that, of a universe of 8000 cases attended, 112 patients (1.4%), corresponded to tuberculosis. That is to say, that at least one of every 150 patients attended has this pathology. It is important and necessary to carry out the present research work since it has not been possible to locally identify the prevalence of the different characteristics, both epidemiological and clinical, concluding that the thoracic pain and hemoptysis represent the most relevant symptoms, Acute pulmonary edema constitutes the main complication, the male sex and the age of the patient older than 40 represent the conditions of greatest risk and the most prevalent in relation to the development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis pulmonar, Perfíl clínico, Perfil epidemiológico, Epidemiología descriptivia, Estudios retrospectivos, Centro de Salud Proletarios sin Tierra, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador