Gastroenteritis en niños menores de dos años Hospital Icaza Bustamante. Año 2015- 2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La gastroenteritis aguda se define como una disminución de la consistencia de las deposiciones o un aumento en el número de las mismas (3 o más en 24 horas), que puede ir acompañada de vómitos, dolor abdominal y/o fiebre. Su duración suele ser menor de 7 días y para considerarla como aguda, siempre menor de 2 semanas. en niños menores de 5 años constituyen una importante causa de morbilidad - mortalidad en el mundo. En la mayoría de los casos los agentes causales de esta patología no son identificados, debido a que existen múltiples limitaciones diagnósticas. En este sentido se plantea la presente investigación con el objetivo principal de determinar el comportamiento los factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la Gastroenteritis Aguda en niños menores de 2 años atendidos en el Hospital Icaza Bustamante en el año 2015- 2018. El estudio es de paradigma positivista con un enfoque cuantitativo; acompañado de un trabajo descriptivo, no experimental y de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 643 niños y niñas que fueron ingresados en el servicio de Pediatría del centro de salud objeto de estudio, durante el segundo semestre del año 2016. La muestra fue por el 30% de Sampiery. La técnica para la recolección y procesamiento de los datos se hizo por observación documental, mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas individuales de cada paciente. El análisis de los datos se realizó por estadística descriptiva, utilizando frecuencias relativas y absolutas que permitieron expresar los resultados en gráficos.
Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a decrease in the consistency of stools or an increase in the number of stools (3 or more in 24 hours), which may be accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain and / or fever. Its duration is usually less than 7 days and to consider it as acute, always less than 2 weeks. in children under 5 years old they are an important cause of morbidity - mortality in the world. In most cases the causative agents of this pathology are not identified, because there are multiple diagnostic limitations. In this sense, the present investigation is proposed with the main objective of determining the behavior of the risk factors and complications of Acute Gastroenteritis in children under 2 years of age treated in the Icaza Bustamante Hospital in 2015-2018. The study is of a positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach; accompanied by a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional work. The population consisted of 643 children who were admitted to the pediatric service of the health center under study, during the second semester of 2016. The sample was for 30% of Sampiery. The technique for the collection and processing of the data was done by documentary observation, by reviewing the individual clinical histories of each patient. The analysis of the data was carried out by descriptive statistics, using relative and absolute frequencies that allowed to express the results in graphs.
Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a decrease in the consistency of stools or an increase in the number of stools (3 or more in 24 hours), which may be accompanied by vomiting, abdominal pain and / or fever. Its duration is usually less than 7 days and to consider it as acute, always less than 2 weeks. in children under 5 years old they are an important cause of morbidity - mortality in the world. In most cases the causative agents of this pathology are not identified, because there are multiple diagnostic limitations. In this sense, the present investigation is proposed with the main objective of determining the behavior of the risk factors and complications of Acute Gastroenteritis in children under 2 years of age treated in the Icaza Bustamante Hospital in 2015-2018. The study is of a positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach; accompanied by a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional work. The population consisted of 643 children who were admitted to the pediatric service of the health center under study, during the second semester of 2016. The sample was for 30% of Sampiery. The technique for the collection and processing of the data was done by documentary observation, by reviewing the individual clinical histories of each patient. The analysis of the data was carried out by descriptive statistics, using relative and absolute frequencies that allowed to express the results in graphs.
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Gastroenteritis, Factores de riesgo, Dolor abdominal, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Pediatría