APOYO SOCIAL PERCIBIDO DESDE EL NIVEL INFORMAL, DE REDES O COMUNITARIO POR PARTE DE LA COMUNIDAD NUEVO ECUADOR
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2019-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
En Ecuador, específicamente, en la ciudad de Guayaquil, son escasos los estudios sobre apoyo social percibido correspondientes al ámbito de la psicología social comunitaria. Se buscó producir conocimiento científico dando cabida a nuevos estudios y a nuevas formas de intervención comunitaria. La comunidad Nuevo Ecuador del sector Trinitaria de la ciudad de Guayaquil representa una comunidad con necesidades psicosociales, de acuerdo con el diagnostico zonal 8 de la Senplades , (2015). Estudiantes investigadores corroboraron dichas necesidades emitidas elaborando un diagnóstico psicosocial comunitario. Actualmente el apoyo social se ha convertido en uno de los elementos clave en la investigación e intervención psicosocial y comunitaria, diversos estudios han optado por detectar y analizar los efectos positivos sobre el bienestar y la salud, ostentando que el auténtico apoyo social es el percibido. El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el apoyo social percibido desde el nivel informal, de redes o comunitario por parte de la comunidad Nuevo Ecuador. Bajo una metodología con enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico, enfocado en explorar las percepciones y experiencias de una muestra de mujeres mayores de edad residentes de la comunidad, con datos sociodemográficos similares, mediante la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas, ejecución de un grupo focal; y un cuestionario sobre el apoyo social percibido. A través de la triangulación de los datos obtenidos, se halló que, la familia y los vecinos son las principales fuentes proveedoras de apoyo; y que el apoyo instrumental percibido se manifiesta específicamente en la ayuda de alguna tarea del hogar
In Ecuador, specifically in the city of Guayaquil, there are few studies on perceived social support in the field of community social psychology. It sought to produce scientific knowledge by accommodating new studies and forms of community intervention. The New Ecuador community of the Trinitarian sector of the city of Guayaquil represents a community with psychosocial needs, according to the zonal diagnosis 8 of the Senplades , (2015). Students researchers corroborated these needs by developing a community psychosocial diagnosis. Social support has now become one of the key elements in psychosocial and community research and intervention, several studies have chosen to detect and analyse positive effects on welfare and health, showing that the real social support is the perceived one. The objective of the study was to describe the social support perceived from the informal, network or community level by the New Ecuador community. Under a methodology with a qualitative approach and phenomenological design, focused on exploring the perceptions and experiences of a sample of adult community residents with similar sociodemographic data, through the application of semistructured interviews, implementation of a focus group, and a questionnaire on perceived social support. Through the triangulation of the data obtained, it was found that the family and the neighbours are the main sources of support; and that the perceived instrumental support is manifested specifically in the help of some household task
In Ecuador, specifically in the city of Guayaquil, there are few studies on perceived social support in the field of community social psychology. It sought to produce scientific knowledge by accommodating new studies and forms of community intervention. The New Ecuador community of the Trinitarian sector of the city of Guayaquil represents a community with psychosocial needs, according to the zonal diagnosis 8 of the Senplades , (2015). Students researchers corroborated these needs by developing a community psychosocial diagnosis. Social support has now become one of the key elements in psychosocial and community research and intervention, several studies have chosen to detect and analyse positive effects on welfare and health, showing that the real social support is the perceived one. The objective of the study was to describe the social support perceived from the informal, network or community level by the New Ecuador community. Under a methodology with a qualitative approach and phenomenological design, focused on exploring the perceptions and experiences of a sample of adult community residents with similar sociodemographic data, through the application of semistructured interviews, implementation of a focus group, and a questionnaire on perceived social support. Through the triangulation of the data obtained, it was found that the family and the neighbours are the main sources of support; and that the perceived instrumental support is manifested specifically in the help of some household task
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comunidad, fuentes, apoyo percibido