Infección de vías urinarias : gestantes primer y segundo trimestre, Hospital General Guasmo Sur : años 2017 - 2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las Infecciones de Vías Urinarias se manifiestan como respuestas inflamatorias del urotelio en presencia de una colonización bacteriana, siendo la causa más frecuente de consulta médica por mujeres en estado de gestación. Existen diferentes factores de riesgo que inciden en la aparición de IVU derivando en complicaciones maternas y fetales. En el presente trabajo de investigación se incluyó una población de 650 pacientes con diagnóstico de IVU, tomando como muestra 139 gestantes del primer y segundo trimestre. En el 2017 y 2018 se atendió un 45% de gestantes del primer trimestre y en el segundo un 53%, siendo gestantes mayores a 31 años las más frecuentes en presentar IVU. Los agentes etiológicos que se evidenciaron son Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Enterococus del Grupo B y S. saprophyticus, manifestándose la E.coli como bacteria más frecuente con 39%. El tipo IVU más frecuentes en gestantes del primer y segundo trimestre fue la bacteriuria asintomática con 39%; según los factores de riesgos en gestantes las infecciones de vías urinarias recurrentes fueron los más incidentes. Mediante la prueba chi2 se asoció estadísticamente las amenazas de aborto como complicación más frecuente con el trimestre de gestación y el grupo etario, en el que se observó p 0,027 indicando que existe relación significativa entre las amenazas de abortos y el grupo etario mayor a 31 años, en relación al trimestre de gestación un p de 0,002 menor al 0,05 de significancia establece relación entre las amenazas de aborto y la edad gestacional.
Urinary Tract Infections manifest as inflammatory responses of the urothelium in the presence of bacterial colonization, being the most frequent cause of medical consultation by women in pregnancy. There are different risk factors that affect the appearance of UTI resulting in maternal and fetal complications. In the present research work, a population of 650 patients with a diagnosis of UTI was included, taking as sample 139 pregnant women of the first and second trimesters. In 2017 and 2018, 45% of pregnant women were treated in the first trimester and in the second, 53%, with pregnant women older than 31 being the most frequent in presenting IVU. The etiological agents that were evidenced are Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Enterococus of Group B and S. saprophyticus, with E. coli being the most frequent bacterium with 39%. The type IVU most frequent in pregnant women of the first and second trimester was asymptomatic bacteriuria with 39%; According to the risk factors in pregnant women, recurrent urinary tract infections were the most incidents. The chi2 test statistically associated the threats of abortion as the most frequent complication with the gestation quarter and the age group, in which p 0.027 was observed indicating that there is a significant relationship between the threats of abortions and the age group over 31 years, in relation to the trimester of pregnancy, a p of 0.002 less than 0.05 of significance establishes a relationship between the threats of abortion and gestational age
Urinary Tract Infections manifest as inflammatory responses of the urothelium in the presence of bacterial colonization, being the most frequent cause of medical consultation by women in pregnancy. There are different risk factors that affect the appearance of UTI resulting in maternal and fetal complications. In the present research work, a population of 650 patients with a diagnosis of UTI was included, taking as sample 139 pregnant women of the first and second trimesters. In 2017 and 2018, 45% of pregnant women were treated in the first trimester and in the second, 53%, with pregnant women older than 31 being the most frequent in presenting IVU. The etiological agents that were evidenced are Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Enterococus of Group B and S. saprophyticus, with E. coli being the most frequent bacterium with 39%. The type IVU most frequent in pregnant women of the first and second trimester was asymptomatic bacteriuria with 39%; According to the risk factors in pregnant women, recurrent urinary tract infections were the most incidents. The chi2 test statistically associated the threats of abortion as the most frequent complication with the gestation quarter and the age group, in which p 0.027 was observed indicating that there is a significant relationship between the threats of abortions and the age group over 31 years, in relation to the trimester of pregnancy, a p of 0.002 less than 0.05 of significance establishes a relationship between the threats of abortion and gestational age
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Primer trimestre del embarazo, Infección de las vías urinarias, Etiología, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Segundo trimestre del embarazo