Incidencia de enfermedades concomitantes en pacientes con vih de 18 a 40 años estudio realizado en el año 2018
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la incidencia de enfermedades concomitantes en pacientes con VIH de 18 a 40 años. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, retrospectivo en el que se recolectaron los datos de las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH. Se estudiaron 81 pacientes, con los siguientes resultados: la mayor parte de la población es de sexo masculino (69,1%), el 58% se encuentra entre los 29 a 40 años, 85% proceden de áreas urbanas, y la mayor parte de pacientes es desempleado (21%), empleados privados (21%), y comerciantes (21%). El 90% de pacientes adquirieron el VIH por vía sexual, el 73% de los pacientes tuvo relaciones heterosexuales, y el 37% tienen antecedentes de Infecciones de transmisión sexual. 42% de pacientes tienen entre 200 y 499 CD4+ y en el mismo porcentaje, tienen menos de 1500 copias de virus en cada ml de sangre. Los pacientes con peso bajo representan el 42%, y se estableció relación directo del estado nutricional con los marcadores serológicos. El 37% de pacientes recibió diagnóstico hace un rango de 1 a 5 años y 34% reciben TARGA por más de 5 años. La incidencia de enfermedades generales (60,5%) en su mayoría ocurre por Dislipidemias y hepatotoxicidad medicamentosa, las enfermedades oportunistas definitorias de SIDA tienen una incidencia de 48,15%, en su mayoría por tuberculosis pulmonar y extrapulmonar. Y las enfermedades relacionadas con el VIH no definitorias de SIDA tienen una incidencia de 38,27% en su mayoría, candidiasis oral.
Palabras Claves: incidencia, enfermedades concomitantes, VIH, SIDA, adulto joven.
The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of concomitant diseases in HIV patients aged 18 to 40 years. A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out in which data from the clinical records of patients diagnosed with HIV were collected. 81 patients were studied, with the following results: the majority of the population is male (69.1%), 58% are between 29 and 40 years old, 85% come from urban areas, and most of of patients is unemployed (21%), private employees (21%), and merchants (21%). 90% of patients acquired HIV through sexual contact, 73% of patients had heterosexual relationships, and 37% had a history of sexually transmitted infections. 42% of patients have between 200 and 499 CD4 + and in the same percentage, they have less than 1500 copies of virus in each ml of blood. Low-weight patients represent 42%, and a direct relationship of nutritional status with serological markers was established. 37% of patients received a diagnosis ranges from 1 to 5 years and 34% receive HAART for more than 5 years. The incidence of general diseases (60.5%) mostly occurs due to dyslipidemias and drug hepatotoxicity, the AIDS defining opportunistic diseases have an incidence of 48.15%, mostly due to pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. And the HIV-related diseases that do not define AIDS have an incidence of 38.27%, mostly oral candidiasis.
The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of concomitant diseases in HIV patients aged 18 to 40 years. A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out in which data from the clinical records of patients diagnosed with HIV were collected. 81 patients were studied, with the following results: the majority of the population is male (69.1%), 58% are between 29 and 40 years old, 85% come from urban areas, and most of of patients is unemployed (21%), private employees (21%), and merchants (21%). 90% of patients acquired HIV through sexual contact, 73% of patients had heterosexual relationships, and 37% had a history of sexually transmitted infections. 42% of patients have between 200 and 499 CD4 + and in the same percentage, they have less than 1500 copies of virus in each ml of blood. Low-weight patients represent 42%, and a direct relationship of nutritional status with serological markers was established. 37% of patients received a diagnosis ranges from 1 to 5 years and 34% receive HAART for more than 5 years. The incidence of general diseases (60.5%) mostly occurs due to dyslipidemias and drug hepatotoxicity, the AIDS defining opportunistic diseases have an incidence of 48.15%, mostly due to pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. And the HIV-related diseases that do not define AIDS have an incidence of 38.27%, mostly oral candidiasis.
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Incidencia, Enfermedades concomitantes, Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Hospital General Guasmo Sur, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Adulto joven, Adulto