Infección de vías urinarias embarazos en adolescentes, diseñar plan educativo de prevención
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La infección de vías urinarias es una de las patologías más frecuentes en el embarazo,
según estudios demuestran la alta tasa de bacteriurias asintomáticas que pasan inadvertidas y
son causantes de abortos durante el primer trimestre de gestación, entre otras múltiples
consecuencias que analizaremos en este estudio; las adolescentes por sus condiciones de
vulnerabilidad presentan riesgo aumentado de secuelas y complicaciones, siendo estas las
bases para realizar este trabajo y diseñar un plan educativo de prevención dirigido a las
usuarias que acuden al Centro de Salud Teniente Hugo Ortiz tomando en cuenta la realidad
socio-económica y cultural de este grupo poblacional;el estudio fue cualitativo, realizado a 20
usuarias a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta abierta, dejando en libertad las respuestas sobre
sus conocimientos del tema. Pudiendo determinar que las adolescentes encuestadas en su
mayoría no tienen el conocimiento sobre lo que son las infecciones de vías urinarias y las
asocian exclusivamente a la sintomatología, además tienen una idea inapropiada sobre
prevención, todas refirieron haber tenido al menos una infección de vías urinarias durante su
embarazo, más de la mitad han tenido más una pareja sexual, menos de la mitad pertenecen a
familias disfuncionales y unas cuantas con mala relación familiar, pocos tienen trabajo
estable, menos de la mitad respondió que habían tenido abortos previos, la mayoría tienen
relaciones sexuales de riesgo otras ya habían tenido un parto; sobre estas bases radica nuestra
propuesta de diseñar un plan educativo de prevención a través de la educación.
The urinary tract infection in pregnant women is one of the most common diseases in pregnancy, according to studies demonstrate the high rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria that go unnoticed and cause abortions during the first trimester, among many other consequences discussed in this study; adolescent girls for their conditions of vulnerability have increased risk of sequelae and complications, these being the basis for this work and develop an educational prevention plan aimed at users who come to the health center Lieutenant Hugo Ortiz taking into account the reality socio- economic and cultural life of this population group; The qualitative study was conducted to 20 users who were given an open survey, releasing the answers on their knowledge of the subject. Being able to determine that the surveyed teenagers mostly have no knowledge about what the urinary tract infections and associated exclusively with the symptoms, also have an inappropriate idea of prevention, all they reported having had at least one urinary tract infection during pregnancy, more than half have had more than one sexual partner, less than half belong to dysfunctional families and a few with poor family relationships, few have steady work, less than half responded that they had had previous abortions, most have relationships risk sexual others had already given birth; on this basis lies our proposal to develop an educational plan for prevention through education.
The urinary tract infection in pregnant women is one of the most common diseases in pregnancy, according to studies demonstrate the high rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria that go unnoticed and cause abortions during the first trimester, among many other consequences discussed in this study; adolescent girls for their conditions of vulnerability have increased risk of sequelae and complications, these being the basis for this work and develop an educational prevention plan aimed at users who come to the health center Lieutenant Hugo Ortiz taking into account the reality socio- economic and cultural life of this population group; The qualitative study was conducted to 20 users who were given an open survey, releasing the answers on their knowledge of the subject. Being able to determine that the surveyed teenagers mostly have no knowledge about what the urinary tract infections and associated exclusively with the symptoms, also have an inappropriate idea of prevention, all they reported having had at least one urinary tract infection during pregnancy, more than half have had more than one sexual partner, less than half belong to dysfunctional families and a few with poor family relationships, few have steady work, less than half responded that they had had previous abortions, most have relationships risk sexual others had already given birth; on this basis lies our proposal to develop an educational plan for prevention through education.
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Palabras clave
Embarazo en adolescencia, Infecciones de las vías urinarias, Planes y programas de salud, Medicina preventiva, Centro de Salud Teniente Hugo Ortiz, Cantón Santa Rosa, Ecuador, Plan educativo