Los estabilizadoras fiscales automáticos y su incidencia en la economía ecuatoriana en el período 2007-2017
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2019-09-12
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como principal objetivo, realizar un estudio sobre el impacto que genera la ausencia de estabilizadores fiscales automáticos en la Economía Ecuatoriana durante el período 2007 -2017. Para esta finalidad se analizarán las condiciones económicas y la disponibilidad de políticas fiscales con las que contaba el Ecuador para afrontar los shocks económicos presentados, relacionados a la caída de los precios internacionales del petróleo, la apreciación del dólar y el terremoto que afectó al país, eventos suscitados en el período de referencia. El trabajo utiliza una metodología descriptiva con enfoque mixto, centrándose principalmente en la descripción del fenómeno de estudio, mediante el uso de estadística descriptiva relacionada al tema de estudio, obtenida principalmente de información de fuentes primarias. De manera complementaria se realizó una estimación de los recursos con los que el país pudo haber contado, de haber constituido un Fondo de Contingencia y un Seguro contra desastres naturales, así como un análisis comparativo con Chile país que guarda similitudes con Ecuador en lo relacionado a la dependencia hacia ingresos por recursos naturales no renovables y la exposición a catástrofes naturales. A través de esta comparación se comprobó que el Ecuador no contaba con estabilizadores fiscales automáticos que le permitieran moderar su actividad económica, para que esta no se vea tan afectada al momento de presentarse un shock económico
The main objective of this research work is to study the impact generated by the absence of automatic fiscal stabilizers in the Ecuadorian economy during the 2007-2017 period. For this proposal, the economic conditions and the availability of fiscal policies that Ecuador had to face the specific economic shocks related to the fall in international oil prices, the appreciation of the dollar and the earthquake that affected the country were analyzed, events raised in the reference period. The work uses a descriptive methodology with a mixed approach, focusing mainly on the description of the study phenomenon, through the use of descriptive statistics related to the study topic, mainly obtaining information from primary sources. In a complementary way, a check was made of the resources that the country could have had, having established a Contingency Fund and insurance against natural disasters, as well as a comparative analysis with Chile, a country that has similarities with Ecuador in relation to dependence on income from nonrenewable natural resources and exposure to natural disasters. Through this comparison it was found that Ecuador did not have automatic fiscal stabilizers that allowed it to moderate its economic activity, so that it would not be so affected at the time of presenting an economic shock
The main objective of this research work is to study the impact generated by the absence of automatic fiscal stabilizers in the Ecuadorian economy during the 2007-2017 period. For this proposal, the economic conditions and the availability of fiscal policies that Ecuador had to face the specific economic shocks related to the fall in international oil prices, the appreciation of the dollar and the earthquake that affected the country were analyzed, events raised in the reference period. The work uses a descriptive methodology with a mixed approach, focusing mainly on the description of the study phenomenon, through the use of descriptive statistics related to the study topic, mainly obtaining information from primary sources. In a complementary way, a check was made of the resources that the country could have had, having established a Contingency Fund and insurance against natural disasters, as well as a comparative analysis with Chile, a country that has similarities with Ecuador in relation to dependence on income from nonrenewable natural resources and exposure to natural disasters. Through this comparison it was found that Ecuador did not have automatic fiscal stabilizers that allowed it to moderate its economic activity, so that it would not be so affected at the time of presenting an economic shock
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ESTABILIZADORES FISCALES, CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO, DEUDA PÚBLICA, SEGUROS CONTRA DESASTRES NATULALES