Vaginosis bacteriana en el embarazo, propuesta de un instructivo basado en los criterios de AMMSEL para su tratamiento oportuno
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La vaginosis bacteriana constituye en la actualidad la causa más frecuente de infecciones vaginales dada por un desequilibrio en la microflora saprofítica de la vagina, viéndose afectado los lactibacilos acidophilus encargados de mantener un microambiente en el que no proliferen por encima de los niveles fisiológicos normales bacterias como la Gardnerella Vaginalis, Micoplasma hominis, entre otras. Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación se realizó una consulta al personal del departamento de estadística del Centro de Salud “La Magdalena”, el cual indicó que en el año 2015 se atendieron 301 mujeres embarazadas, de las cuales 196 presentaron vaginosis bacteriana, que representa el 65% de las mujeres atendidas, siendo la edad del 52% de las afectadas de 15 a 18 años y corresponde a 102 embarazadas, el 27% de 19 a 24 años que equivale a 53 embarazadas, del 15% de 25 a 35 años que corresponde a 29embarazadas y del 6% de más de 35 años representa 12 embarazadas. Teniendo como objetivo el diseñar un instructivo diagnóstico basado en los criterios de Amsel para la detección y tratamiento oportuno de la vaginosis bacteriana analizando los referentes teóricos generales sobre la vaginosis bacteriana y los criterios de Amsel. A la vez se determinó los factores de riesgos y las complicaciones de la misma durante el embarazo. Se utilizó una metodología cuali-cuantitativa realizando encuestas a los profesionales y autoridades del centro de salud “la Magdalena” llegando a la conclusión de que por falta de tiempo y no constar en el protocolo no se aplica dicha técnica. Por lo tanto en el presente trabajo de investigación se propone una socialización con las autoridades y profesionales con la finalidad de implementar un instructivo para la aplicación de las técnicas de Amsel a las embarazadas, como herramienta diagnóstica capaz de detectar de forma temprana con eficiencia y efectividad patologías como la vaginosis bacteriana.
Bacterial vaginosis is today the most common cause of vaginal infections given by an imbalance in the saprophytic microflora of the vagina, being affected acidophilus lactibacilos maintainers a microenvironment in which not proliferate above normal physiological levels bacteria as Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, among others. For the development of this research, a consultation was held staff statistics department of the Health Center "La Magdalena", which indicated that in the year 2015 ,301 pregnant women were treated, of which 196 had bacterial vaginosis, which represents 65% of women attended, being the age of 52% of affected 15 to 18 years, 27% of 19 to 24 years, 15% of 25 to 35 years and 6% over 35 years. Aiming to design an instructional diagnosis based on the Amsel criteria for the detection and treatment of bacterial vaginosis analyzing the general theoretical references on bacterial vaginosis and Amsel criteria. While risk factors and complications thereof during pregnancy was determined. one qualiquantitative methodology was used to conduct surveys to professionals and health center authorities "Magdalena" concluding that lack of time and not recorded in the protocol does not apply this technique. Therefore in this research socialization with the authorities and professionals in order to implement an instruction for the application of techniques Amsel pregnant as a diagnostic tool to detect early efficiently and effectively it is proposed pathologies such as bacterial vaginosis.
Bacterial vaginosis is today the most common cause of vaginal infections given by an imbalance in the saprophytic microflora of the vagina, being affected acidophilus lactibacilos maintainers a microenvironment in which not proliferate above normal physiological levels bacteria as Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, among others. For the development of this research, a consultation was held staff statistics department of the Health Center "La Magdalena", which indicated that in the year 2015 ,301 pregnant women were treated, of which 196 had bacterial vaginosis, which represents 65% of women attended, being the age of 52% of affected 15 to 18 years, 27% of 19 to 24 years, 15% of 25 to 35 years and 6% over 35 years. Aiming to design an instructional diagnosis based on the Amsel criteria for the detection and treatment of bacterial vaginosis analyzing the general theoretical references on bacterial vaginosis and Amsel criteria. While risk factors and complications thereof during pregnancy was determined. one qualiquantitative methodology was used to conduct surveys to professionals and health center authorities "Magdalena" concluding that lack of time and not recorded in the protocol does not apply this technique. Therefore in this research socialization with the authorities and professionals in order to implement an instruction for the application of techniques Amsel pregnant as a diagnostic tool to detect early efficiently and effectively it is proposed pathologies such as bacterial vaginosis.
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Embarazo, Vaginosis bacteriana, Manuales de salud, Criterios de Amsel, Centro de Salud La Magdalena, Cantón Quito, Ecuador