Resistencia antimicrobiana de enterobacterias en las infecciones de vías urinarias
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Las enterobacterias son bacilos aerobios gramnegativos que establece parte
de la microbiota normal del intestino y son examinados los patógenos más
comunes como agentes etiológicos de las infecciones de las vías urinarias, las
cuales se fundamentan en la colonización y multiplicación microbiana,
habitualmente bacteriana, a lo largo del trayecto del tracto urinario. La resistencia
a los antimicrobianos es la extensión que tiene un microorganismo para evitar ser
afectado por un antimicrobiano al que anteriormente era sensible. Objetivo
general.- Determinar la resistencia antimicrobiana de enterobacterias en las
infecciones de las vías urinarias. Objetivos específicos.- Identificar las
enterobacterias más frecuentes, caracterizar la resistencia y diseñar protocolo de
perfil de sensibilidad. La metodología del presente estudio obedece a un diseño
cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, no experimental. Los resultados obtenidos
fueron: E. coli 87%, seguido de Klebsiella spp (7%), proteus spp (4%) y
enterobacter cloacae (2%). Las cepas bacterianas mostraron mayor resistencia a
ampicilina (90%) y trimetoprim sulfa (60%). Y los de menor resistencia E.coli:
nitrofurantoína (5%) y amikacina (9%); Klebsiella spp y Proteus spp: amikacina
(8 y 11%). Se concluye que el uropatógeno que se aisla con mayor frecuencia es
E. coli, le sigue Klebsiella spp, proteus spp y enterobacter cloacae, los antibióticos
a los que manifestaron mayor resistencia: ampicilina y trimetoprim-sulfa, y menor
resistencia: nitrofurantoína y amikacina.
Enterobacteria are aerobic gram-negative bacilli established part of the normal gut microbiota and examined the most common pathogens as etiologic agents of infections of the urinary tract, which are based on colonization and microbial growth, usually bacterial, along urinary tract path. Antimicrobial resistance is the extension that has a microorganism to avoid being affected by an antimicrobial to which it was previously sensitive. general.- To determine antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae infections of the urinary tract. Specific objectives.- Identify the most frequent enterobacteria, characterize the resistance and design protocol sensitivity profile. The metodología this study follows a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, not experimental. The results were: E. coli 87%, followed by Klebsiella spp (7%), Proteus spp (4%) and Enterobacter cloacae (2%). Bacterial strains showed increased resistance to ampicillin (90%) and trimethoprim sulfa (60%). And of least resistance E. coli: nitrofurantoin (5%) and amikacin (9%); Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp: amikacin (8 and 11%). It concludes that the uropathogenic which is isolated most frequently is E. coli, Klebsiella spp followed, Proteus spp and Enterobacter cloacae, antibiotics that showed increased resistance ampicillin and cotrimoxazole, and least resistance nitrofurantoin and amikacin
Enterobacteria are aerobic gram-negative bacilli established part of the normal gut microbiota and examined the most common pathogens as etiologic agents of infections of the urinary tract, which are based on colonization and microbial growth, usually bacterial, along urinary tract path. Antimicrobial resistance is the extension that has a microorganism to avoid being affected by an antimicrobial to which it was previously sensitive. general.- To determine antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae infections of the urinary tract. Specific objectives.- Identify the most frequent enterobacteria, characterize the resistance and design protocol sensitivity profile. The metodología this study follows a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, not experimental. The results were: E. coli 87%, followed by Klebsiella spp (7%), Proteus spp (4%) and Enterobacter cloacae (2%). Bacterial strains showed increased resistance to ampicillin (90%) and trimethoprim sulfa (60%). And of least resistance E. coli: nitrofurantoin (5%) and amikacin (9%); Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp: amikacin (8 and 11%). It concludes that the uropathogenic which is isolated most frequently is E. coli, Klebsiella spp followed, Proteus spp and Enterobacter cloacae, antibiotics that showed increased resistance ampicillin and cotrimoxazole, and least resistance nitrofurantoin and amikacin
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Infecciones urinarias, Microorganismos, Enterobacteriaceae, Fundación Nahim Isaías, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Resistencia antimicrobiana