Factores asociados a la amenaza de parto pretérmino en el embarazo 2016
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La amenaza de parto pretérmino se define como la presencia de la dinámica uterina regular asociada a modificaciones cervicales progresivas, donde según el Componente Normativo Neonatal, es cuando se presentan contracciones uterinas por lo menos 3 en 30 minutos sin cambios cervicales mayores, borramiento del 50% y con dilatación menor a 3cm hasta antes de las 37 semanas de gestación, si estas progresan entonces la gestante entra en un trabajo de parto prematuro. La Organización Mundial de la Salud, estima que cada año nacen 15 millones de niños prematuros y de estos más de un millón mueren, mientras que muchos de los que viven sufren alguna discapacidad de por vida. La amenaza de parto pretérmino como diagnóstico de ingreso en el área de Gineco-Obstetricia del Hospital “Básico Del Triunfo”, está relacionada con factores de riesgos como datos demográficos y obstétricos de la gestante, a pesar de los avances en el cuidado ginecológico esta incidencia no ha disminuido en los últimos años, y al contrario, la tendencia es a aumentar, figurando como la causa de muerte en un 60-80% de los recién nacidos sin malformaciones a nivel mundial. El principal factor de riesgo es de tipo infeccioso tales como la vaginosis con un 70% seguido de las IVU con un 8%, las infeciones ocupan el primer lugar como causa directo de la amenaza de parto pretérmino en las usuarias. El objetivo de esta investigación tiene como propósito servir de herramienta de apoyo en la toma de decisiones ante la embarazada en riesgo o con diagnóstico de amenaza de parto pretérmino al personal de salud, que tienen la responsabilidad del cuidado y la atención de las mujeres embarazadas con el fin de evitar prematuridad y sus complicaciones. Esta patología es de origen multifactorial. El material y métodos son de tipo retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico no experimental., la información se recogió mediante fichas de datos de pacientes que acudieron a la emergencia del hospital desde enero a julio del 2016, los cuales se tabularon estadísticamente y son discutidos para de acuerdo a ello mejorar la atención de este servicio y promocionar la prevención de la misma
The threat of preterm delivery is defined as the presence of regular uterine dynamics associated with progressive cervical changes, where according to the Neonatal Normative Component, is when uterine contractions occur at least 3 in 30 minutes without major cervical changes, 50% And with dilation of less than 3cm until before 37 weeks of gestation, if these progress, then the pregnant woman enters a preterm labor. The World Health Organization estimates that 15 million premature babies are born each year and more than one million die, while many of those who live have a lifetime disability. The threat of preterm birth as a diagnosis of admission to the Gynecological-Obstetrics area of the Hospital del Triunfo", is related to risk factors such as demographic and obstetric data of the pregnant woman, despite the advances in gynecological care this incidence Has not declined in recent years, and on the contrary, the tendency is to increase, appearing as the cause of death in 6080% of newborns without malformations worldwide. The main risk factor is of infectious type such as vaginosis with 70% followed by UTIs with 8%, infections occupy the first place as a direct cause of the threat of preterm delivery in the users. The objective of this research is to serve as a support tool in the decision-making process for the pregnant woman at risk or with a diagnosis of preterm labor threat to health personnel, who are responsible for the care and attention of pregnant women with In order to avoid prematurity and its complications. This pathology is of multifactorial origin. The material and methods are retrospective, descriptive and non-experimental analytical. The information was collected through data sheets of patients who attended the hospital emergency from January to July of 2016, which were tabulated statistically and are discussed for Agreeing to improve the care of this service and promote the prevention of it.
The threat of preterm delivery is defined as the presence of regular uterine dynamics associated with progressive cervical changes, where according to the Neonatal Normative Component, is when uterine contractions occur at least 3 in 30 minutes without major cervical changes, 50% And with dilation of less than 3cm until before 37 weeks of gestation, if these progress, then the pregnant woman enters a preterm labor. The World Health Organization estimates that 15 million premature babies are born each year and more than one million die, while many of those who live have a lifetime disability. The threat of preterm birth as a diagnosis of admission to the Gynecological-Obstetrics area of the Hospital del Triunfo", is related to risk factors such as demographic and obstetric data of the pregnant woman, despite the advances in gynecological care this incidence Has not declined in recent years, and on the contrary, the tendency is to increase, appearing as the cause of death in 6080% of newborns without malformations worldwide. The main risk factor is of infectious type such as vaginosis with 70% followed by UTIs with 8%, infections occupy the first place as a direct cause of the threat of preterm delivery in the users. The objective of this research is to serve as a support tool in the decision-making process for the pregnant woman at risk or with a diagnosis of preterm labor threat to health personnel, who are responsible for the care and attention of pregnant women with In order to avoid prematurity and its complications. This pathology is of multifactorial origin. The material and methods are retrospective, descriptive and non-experimental analytical. The information was collected through data sheets of patients who attended the hospital emergency from January to July of 2016, which were tabulated statistically and are discussed for Agreeing to improve the care of this service and promote the prevention of it.
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AMENAZA DE PARTO PREMATURO, EMBARAZO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL BASICO EL TRIUNFO, CANTON EL TRIUNFO, ECUADOR