Preeclampsia severa como factor predisponente de parto prematuro en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes. La preeclampsia severa y el parto prematuro son dos
importantes problemas de salud pública que producen alta morbimortalidad
materna- neonatal. Objetivo. Elaborar estrategias de información preventiva sobre
normas establecidas por el MSP después de conocer la incidencia de la preeclampsia
severa y su relación con el parto pretérmino como complicación de la enfermedad en
las pacientes atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos para reducir nacimientos
prematuros. Metodología. Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental,
tipo transversal, correlacional y retrospectivo, realizado a través de la observación de
historias clínicas y recolección de datos mediante fichas. Resultados. Se observaron
102 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre veinte a treinta y cuatro años (60,8%),
sector urbano (59,85), nivel educativo de bachillerato (53,9%); multíparas (59,8%) y
sin antecedentes de riesgo materno para preeclampsia (54,9%), deficiente control
prenatal (83,3%); que presentaban cefalea (98,0%) y epigastralgia (69,6%); y
terminaron su gestación en parto prematuro (62,7%) mediante cesárea (88,9%), sin
complicación materna (88,2%), neonatos con síndrome de distrés respiratorio como
complicación más frecuente (36,3%). Todas las pacientes presentaron edema, presión
arterial alta, y proteinuria, LDH, TGO y TGP altas (100%). Conclusiones. Existe
una estrecha relación causal entre la preeclampsia y parto prematuro, la cual aumenta
en mujeres embarazadas con edades extremas y deficiente control prenatal; la
intervención del personal médico y el adecuado manejo reducen las complicaciones
Background. Severe pre-eclampsia and preterm births are two important public health issues causing high mortality and morbidity involved. Objective. Develop strategies for preventive information on standards set by the health ministry after knowing the incidence of severe preeclampsia and their relationship with preterm birth as a complication of the disease in patients treated at the hospital Verdi Cevallos shelf to reduce preterm. . Methodology. Study of quantitative approach and design experimental, correlational and retrospective, cross-sectional type made through clinical observation and collection of data by means of tabs. Results. Were observed for 102 patients with ages ranging from twenty to thirty-four years (60.8%), which came from the urban sector (59.85), educational level of secondary education (53.9%); they were multiparous (59.8%) and did not have any history of maternal risk for preeclampsia (54.9%), with poor prenatal care (83.3%); which were headache (98.0%) and epigastric pain (69.6%); and, which completed its gestation in preterm birth (62.7%) by caesarean section (88.9%), not had any complication maternal (88.2%) and those infants showed syndrome of distress respiratory as complication more frequent (36.3%). All the patients were edema, pressure blood high, and proteinuria, LDH, TGO and TGP high (100%). Conclusions. There is a close relationship causal between the pre-eclampsia and birth premature, which increases in women pregnant with ages extreme and poor control prenatal; the rapid intervention of the medical personnel and the proper management reduce complications.
Background. Severe pre-eclampsia and preterm births are two important public health issues causing high mortality and morbidity involved. Objective. Develop strategies for preventive information on standards set by the health ministry after knowing the incidence of severe preeclampsia and their relationship with preterm birth as a complication of the disease in patients treated at the hospital Verdi Cevallos shelf to reduce preterm. . Methodology. Study of quantitative approach and design experimental, correlational and retrospective, cross-sectional type made through clinical observation and collection of data by means of tabs. Results. Were observed for 102 patients with ages ranging from twenty to thirty-four years (60.8%), which came from the urban sector (59.85), educational level of secondary education (53.9%); they were multiparous (59.8%) and did not have any history of maternal risk for preeclampsia (54.9%), with poor prenatal care (83.3%); which were headache (98.0%) and epigastric pain (69.6%); and, which completed its gestation in preterm birth (62.7%) by caesarean section (88.9%), not had any complication maternal (88.2%) and those infants showed syndrome of distress respiratory as complication more frequent (36.3%). All the patients were edema, pressure blood high, and proteinuria, LDH, TGO and TGP high (100%). Conclusions. There is a close relationship causal between the pre-eclampsia and birth premature, which increases in women pregnant with ages extreme and poor control prenatal; the rapid intervention of the medical personnel and the proper management reduce complications.
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Preeclampsia, Parto prematuro, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Provincial de Portoviejo Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda, Cantón Portoviejo, Ecuador, Causalidad