Factores de riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad en el embarazo
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Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Se analiza el tema de sobrepeso y obesidad en las gestantes debido al incremento de este
problema en el Centro de Salud Tipo C Saquisilí.
El objetivo general fue determinar la relación entre los factores sociodemográficos,
accesibilidad a la atención, factores antropométricos y factores obstétricos con el sobrepeso
obesidad en embarazadas.
Se usó el método cuantitativo, correlacional con diseño observacional y transversal. La
población analizada fue de 277 gestantes y se extrajo una muestra representativa de 161. La
información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas perinatales en base a diversos formularios
utilizados a nivel de la entidad.
Al análisis el sobrepeso y la obesidad se asocian con la edad y se presenta con mayor
frecuencia en gestantes de mayor edad, también con el estado civil y se presenta con mayor
frecuencia en las gestantes casadas, además con los controles y se presenta con mayor
frecuencia en las gestantes que asisten de manera subsecuente a estos controles. Concluyendo
se encontró asociación del sobrepeso y obesidad con los antecedentes personales y se presenta
con mayor frecuencia en las gestantes con antecedentes de morbilidad y también con los
antecedentes familiares. No se encontró asociación con la etnia de las gestantes, tampoco con
el nivel de escolaridad. Se concluye manifestando que la falta de control prenatal, así como
una dieta desbalanceada son causas de sobrepeso y obesidad. Los antecedentes de con
morbilidad contribuyen al sobrepeso, más aún cuando ya existe antecedentes de este
problema. Además, la falta de capacitación se suma a incrementar el problema.
The subject of overweight and obesity in pregnant women is analyzed due to the increase of this problem in the Saquisilí Type C Health Center. The general objective was to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, accessibility to care, anthropometric factors and obstetric factors with overweight- obesity in pregnant women. The quantitative method was used, correlational with observational and transversal design. The population analyzed was 277 pregnant women and a representative sample of 161. The information was obtained from the perinatal medical records based on various forms used at the entity level. In the analysis, overweight and obesity are associated with age and occur more frequently in older pregnant women, also with marital status and occurs more frequently in married pregnant women, in addition to controls and occurs more frequently In pregnant women attending subsequently to these controls. In conclusion, we found an association between overweight and obesity with a personal history, and it occurs more frequently in pregnant women with a history of morbidity and family history. There was no association with the ethnicity of pregnant women, nor with the level of schooling. It is concluded that the lack of prenatal control, as well as an unbalanced diet are causes of overweight and obesity. The history of morbidity contributes to overweight, especially when there is already a history of this problem. In addition, the lack of training adds to increase the problem.
The subject of overweight and obesity in pregnant women is analyzed due to the increase of this problem in the Saquisilí Type C Health Center. The general objective was to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, accessibility to care, anthropometric factors and obstetric factors with overweight- obesity in pregnant women. The quantitative method was used, correlational with observational and transversal design. The population analyzed was 277 pregnant women and a representative sample of 161. The information was obtained from the perinatal medical records based on various forms used at the entity level. In the analysis, overweight and obesity are associated with age and occur more frequently in older pregnant women, also with marital status and occurs more frequently in married pregnant women, in addition to controls and occurs more frequently In pregnant women attending subsequently to these controls. In conclusion, we found an association between overweight and obesity with a personal history, and it occurs more frequently in pregnant women with a history of morbidity and family history. There was no association with the ethnicity of pregnant women, nor with the level of schooling. It is concluded that the lack of prenatal control, as well as an unbalanced diet are causes of overweight and obesity. The history of morbidity contributes to overweight, especially when there is already a history of this problem. In addition, the lack of training adds to increase the problem.
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Embarazo, Sobrepeso, Obesidad, Factores de riesgo, Centro de Salud Tipo C Saquisilí, Cantón Saquisilí, Ecuador