Amenaza de aborto en el primer trimestre y sus complicaciones en la Emergencia Hospital Básico MSP El Empalme período julio 2015 junio 2016
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La amenaza de aborto.- Es un estado que sugiere que se podría presentar un aborto
espontáneo antes de la semana 20 del embarazo. Objetivos. – El objetivo general establecer la
incidencia de amenaza de aborto dentro del primer trimestre de gestación en el hospital básico
del MSP El Empalme y sus complicaciones frecuentes, mediante el análisis de las
características clínicas de las pacientes con el fin de proponer un protocolo de atención en la
emergencia para lo cual se plantearon objetivos específicos identificar las principales
características clínicas y epidemiológicas de las pacientes que acuden por amenaza de aborto,
establecer las principales complicaciones relacionadas con la amenaza de aborto. Metodología.
- Se realizó un trabajo de tipo cuantitativo con un tipo de estudio observacional con un carácter
no experimental, retrospectiva de corte transversal, en el Hospital MSP básico El Empalme,
con 80 mujeres con amenaza de aborto en el periodo de julio de 2015 a julio de 2016,
considerando los datos del sistema RDACCA que utiliza el Hospital. Resultados. - Los
principales síntomas fueron el dolor pélvico y el sangrado, además el 97,5% de los abortos
fueron espontáneos, solo un 2,5% provocados. Las complicaciones se observaron en el 10%
de estas pacientes siendo las principales sepsis, la hemorragia vaginal y la anemia (5%, 3,75%
y 1,25%). Se realizaron como tratamiento un 68,75% de legrados uterinos, mientras que el 6,25
recibieron misoprostol, considerando que en al 22,5% se les diagnóstico viabilidad en el
embarazo. Conclusión. – Es importante que se considere la importancia de aplicar protocolo
de atención en la emergencia de la amenaza de aborto, para disminuir la morbilidad materna.
Background. - It is a state that suggests that a miscarriage may occur before the 20th week of pregnancy. Objectives. - It was considered as a general objective to establish the frequency of threat of abortion in the basic MSP El Empalme hospital and its most frequent complications, by analyzing the clinical characteristics of the patients in order to propose a diagnostic - therapeutic algorithm for Specific objectives were identified to identify the main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients attending due to the threat of abortion, to establish the main complications related to the threat of abortion. Methodology. - A quantitative type study was carried out with a non-experimental, retrospective cross-sectional, observational study at the MSP Basic Hospital El Empalme, with 80 women with threatened abortion in the period from July 2015 to July 2016, considering data from the RDACCA system used by the Hospital. Results. - The main symptoms were pelvic pain and bleeding, in addition 97.5% of the abortions were spontaneous, only 2.5% provoked. Complications were observed in 10% of these patients being the main sepsis, vaginal bleeding and anemia (5%, 3.75% and 1.25%). 68.75% of uterine curettes were treated, while 6.25 received misoprostol, considering that in 22.5% they were diagnosed viability in pregnancy. Conclusion. - It is important to consider the importance of applying a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of the threat of abortion, in order to reduce maternal morbidity.
Background. - It is a state that suggests that a miscarriage may occur before the 20th week of pregnancy. Objectives. - It was considered as a general objective to establish the frequency of threat of abortion in the basic MSP El Empalme hospital and its most frequent complications, by analyzing the clinical characteristics of the patients in order to propose a diagnostic - therapeutic algorithm for Specific objectives were identified to identify the main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients attending due to the threat of abortion, to establish the main complications related to the threat of abortion. Methodology. - A quantitative type study was carried out with a non-experimental, retrospective cross-sectional, observational study at the MSP Basic Hospital El Empalme, with 80 women with threatened abortion in the period from July 2015 to July 2016, considering data from the RDACCA system used by the Hospital. Results. - The main symptoms were pelvic pain and bleeding, in addition 97.5% of the abortions were spontaneous, only 2.5% provoked. Complications were observed in 10% of these patients being the main sepsis, vaginal bleeding and anemia (5%, 3.75% and 1.25%). 68.75% of uterine curettes were treated, while 6.25 received misoprostol, considering that in 22.5% they were diagnosed viability in pregnancy. Conclusion. - It is important to consider the importance of applying a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of the threat of abortion, in order to reduce maternal morbidity.
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Amenaza de aborto, Primer trimestre del embarazo, Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital, Estudios retrospectivos, Hospital Básico El Empalme, Cantón El Elmpalme, Ecuador