Correlación clínica, ecográfica e histopatológica en el diagnóstico de nódulos de glándula mamaria
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Los nódulos de glándula mamaria son lesiones frecuentes en mujeres de cualquier edad, con incidencia marcada a partir de los 40 años. La presente investigación tuvo como propósito: Determinar la correalción clínica, ecográfica e histopatológica en mujeres con patología nodular mamaria atendidas en el hospital Alfredo G Paulson en el período: Enero 2018 a Enero 2019. Por el tipo de investigación es un estudio: Analítico - Correlacional, retrospectivo, no experimental, de corte transversal. En total se atendieron 520 casos de lesiones glandulares mamarias, de estos 177 casos correspondieron a nódulos con una incidencia del (34.04 %), la concordancia clínica fue del (68.8 %), la ecográfica del (78.4 %), con una prueba de hipótesis Chi cuadrado postivia para correlación aceptándose la hipótesis afirmativa. Los principales factores de riesgo identificados fueron: Edad > 28 años con un (30.2 %), antecedentes familiares con un (27.8 %), deformidad mamaria con el (17.8 %), mastalgia con el (10.7 %) y tabaquismo en un (9.5 %). La sensiblidad fue del (98.85 %) y especificidad del (73.68 %). En cuanto a las características ecográficas el (61.60 %) presentó forma ovalada, el (28.80 %) forma redonda, el (9.60 %) irregular, el (76.8) presentó forma circunscrita. El (48.0 %) presento isoecogenicidad y un (72.0 %) no presentó calcificaciones mientras que el (89.60 %) presentó lesiones simétricas. El tamaño del nódulo promedio fue (2.12 cm). Se concluye en base a las hipótesis planteadas que: Existe correlación clínica, ecográfica e histopatológica en el diagnóstico de lesiones de glándula mamaria.
The mammary gland nodules are frequent lesions in women of any age, with a marked incidence after 40 years. The purpose of this research was to: Determine the clinical, echographic and histopathological correlation in women with breast nodular disease treated at the Alfredo G Paulson hospital during the period: January 2018 to January 2019. For the type of research is a study: Analytical - Correlational , retrospective, non-experimental, cross-sectional. In total, 520 cases of mammary glandular lesions were treated, of these 177 cases corresponded to nodules with an incidence of (34.04%), the clinical concordance was (68.8%), the ultrasound of (78.4%), with a hypothesis test Chi square postivia for correlation accepting the affirmative hypothesis. The main risk factors identified were: Age> 28 years with (30.2%), family history with (27.8%), breast deformity with (17.8%), mastalgia with (10.7%) and smoking in a (9.5 %). The sensitivity was (98.85%) and specificity (73.68%). Regarding ultrasound characteristics, (61.60%) presented an oval shape, (28.80%) round, irregular (9.60%), and (76.8) had a circumscribed shape. The (48.0%) presented isoecogenicity and a (72.0%) did not present calcifications while the (89.60%) presented symmetrical lesions. The average nodule size was (2.12 cm). It is concluded based on the hypotheses that: There is clinical, ultrasound and histopathological correlation in the diagnosis of mammary gland lesions. Keywords:
The mammary gland nodules are frequent lesions in women of any age, with a marked incidence after 40 years. The purpose of this research was to: Determine the clinical, echographic and histopathological correlation in women with breast nodular disease treated at the Alfredo G Paulson hospital during the period: January 2018 to January 2019. For the type of research is a study: Analytical - Correlational , retrospective, non-experimental, cross-sectional. In total, 520 cases of mammary glandular lesions were treated, of these 177 cases corresponded to nodules with an incidence of (34.04%), the clinical concordance was (68.8%), the ultrasound of (78.4%), with a hypothesis test Chi square postivia for correlation accepting the affirmative hypothesis. The main risk factors identified were: Age> 28 years with (30.2%), family history with (27.8%), breast deformity with (17.8%), mastalgia with (10.7%) and smoking in a (9.5 %). The sensitivity was (98.85%) and specificity (73.68%). Regarding ultrasound characteristics, (61.60%) presented an oval shape, (28.80%) round, irregular (9.60%), and (76.8) had a circumscribed shape. The (48.0%) presented isoecogenicity and a (72.0%) did not present calcifications while the (89.60%) presented symmetrical lesions. The average nodule size was (2.12 cm). It is concluded based on the hypotheses that: There is clinical, ultrasound and histopathological correlation in the diagnosis of mammary gland lesions. Keywords:
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Nódulo mamario, Ecografía, Glándula mamaria, Patología, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador