Factores de riesgo de chikungunya en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Delfina Torres de Concha de Esmeraldas
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes. El Chikungunya es una enfermedad viral transmitida por el vector Aedes aegypti, cuya característica principal de esta enfermedad es la presencia de fiebre en alta temperaturas, sumado los dolores a nivel articular, es por ello que también es conocido como artritis epidémica. Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgos del Chikungunya en los pacientes atendidos en el hospital delfina torres de concha de Esmeraldas durante el 2016. Metodología. Es un estudio de corte trasversal y de campo. El diseño de investigación es no experimental u observacional, de tipo descriptivo analítico, con el fin de determinar las características de la población objeto de estudio; como los factores de riesgos. Resultados. Los grupos de edad afectados fueron los de 0 a10 años 36%, adultos mayores con 30%; el sexo más afectado fue el masculino con 55%. En la escolaridad, la mayoría es la secundaria el 52%, primaria con 12%, entre otros. En cuanto al grado de conocimiento técnico de prevención de fiebre Chinkunguya los pacientes manifestaron tener un alto grado de conocimiento con el 24%, mientras que el 64% de los pacientes manifestaron que apenas saben cómo prevenir la fiebre chikungunya, escasamente participan en actividades comunitarias. Conclusiones: La población más afectada por esta enfermedad viral son las que viven en el sur de la ciudad, donde se encuentran cerca al rio, sectores con deficientes servicios básicos y por ende la salubridad no es buena; estableciéndose poca participación en actividades vinculantes de la comunidad en la prevención y control de la enfermedad.
Background. Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted by the vector Aedes aegypti, whose main characteristic of this disease is the presence of fever in elevated temperatures, together with joint pain, which is why it is also known as epidemic arthritis. Objective. To determine the risk factors of Chikungunya in patients treated at the hospital “Delfina Torres de Concha” of Esmeraldas during 2016. Methodology. It is a cross-sectional and field study. The research design is non-experimental or observational, of an analytical descriptive type, in order to determine the characteristics of the population under study; such as risk factors. Results. The age groups affected were 0 to 10 years old 36%, older adults with 30%; the most affected male sex was 55%. In education, the majority is secondary 52%, primary with 12%, among others. Regarding the degree of technical knowledge of Chinkunguya fever prevention, the patients reported a high level of knowledge with 24%, while 64% of the patients stated that they hardly know how to prevent chikungunya fever, they hardly participate in community activities. Conclusions: The population most affected by this viral disease is those living in the south of the city, where they are near the river, sectors with poor basic services and therefore health is not good; establishing little participation in binding community activities in the prevention and control of the disease.
Background. Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted by the vector Aedes aegypti, whose main characteristic of this disease is the presence of fever in elevated temperatures, together with joint pain, which is why it is also known as epidemic arthritis. Objective. To determine the risk factors of Chikungunya in patients treated at the hospital “Delfina Torres de Concha” of Esmeraldas during 2016. Methodology. It is a cross-sectional and field study. The research design is non-experimental or observational, of an analytical descriptive type, in order to determine the characteristics of the population under study; such as risk factors. Results. The age groups affected were 0 to 10 years old 36%, older adults with 30%; the most affected male sex was 55%. In education, the majority is secondary 52%, primary with 12%, among others. Regarding the degree of technical knowledge of Chinkunguya fever prevention, the patients reported a high level of knowledge with 24%, while 64% of the patients stated that they hardly know how to prevent chikungunya fever, they hardly participate in community activities. Conclusions: The population most affected by this viral disease is those living in the south of the city, where they are near the river, sectors with poor basic services and therefore health is not good; establishing little participation in binding community activities in the prevention and control of the disease.
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Virus Chikungunya, Factores de riesgo, Epidemiología descriptiva, Medicina preventiva, Hospital General Delfina Torres de Concha, Cantón Esmeraldas, Ecuador