Eficacia del misoprostol para prevenir la hemorragia postparto por atonía e hipotonía uterina transitoria en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor durante el periodo de mayo 2014 a febrero 2015
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
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MISOPROSTOL. El misoprostol es un análogo de la Prostaglandina E 1 (PG E 1). Las prostaglandinas (ácido prostanóico) son mediadores químicos de la inflamación. Desempeñan un papel muy importante en los procesos inflamatorios, se forman en todos los tejidos, en los microsomas por acción de la enzima prostaglandinasintetasa que actúa sobre diversos ácidos grasos. MECANISMO DE ACCIÓN esta mediado por receptores específicos. Las prostaglandinas en general aumentan el AMPc intracelular en algunos tejidos, mientras que en otros los de GMPc. La acción sobre el musculo liso vascular de la prostaglandina E2 y F2 alfa sobre el miometrio actúa facilitando la entrada de ion de calcio y otros iones a la célula, en este proceso inhibe el secuestro de calcio por la ATP asa dependiente del calcio en el retículo endoplasmático, de este modo aumenta la concentración de calcio citoplasmático; un proceso que lleva a la activación de la linaza de cadena ligera de la miosina, a la fosforilación de la miosina y de este modo a la interrelación de la miosina fosforilada y la actina y por lo tanto el aumento de la actividad contráctil. La hemorragia postparto se define como la perdidas de sangre superiores a la normalidad 500 ml que aparecen después del tercer periodo del parto, es decir desde la salida del feto hasta después de expulsada la placenta. El propósito de este trabajo es determinar la eficacia del uso del misoprostol, en pacientes que presentan atonía o hipotonía uterina transitoria, para prevenir la hemorragia postparto, determinar cuáles son los factores de riesgo que podrían ocasionarla.. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron 57 casos de pacientes con atonía e hipotonía uterina transitoria a las cuales se les administro misoprostol para prevenir la hemorragia postparto.
MISOPROSTOL. Misoprostol is an analog of prostaglandin E1 (PG E1). Prostaglandins (prostanoic acid) are chemical mediators of inflammation. Play an important role in inflammatory processes, are formed in all tissues, in microsomes by the action of prostaglandin synthetase enzyme acting on various fatty acids. MECHANISM OF ACTION The mechanism of action is mediated by specific receptors. Prostaglandins generally increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) Intracellular in some tissues, while in others the cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate). The action on vascular smooth muscle prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha acts on the myometrium facilitating the entry of calcium ion and other ions into the cell, in this process inhibits calcium sequestration by the ATPasedependent calcium in the lattice endoplasmic thus increases the concentration of cytoplasmic calcium; a process that leads to activation of flaxseed myosin light chain, the myosin phosphorylation and thus the interrelation of the phosphorylated myosin and actin and thus increasing the contractile activity. A level of the uterine muscle produces increased activity of oxytocin receptors allowing greater biological action of this hormone. PPH is defined as the loss of greater than 500 ml normal appearing after the third stage of labor, ie since leaving the fetus until after the placenta is blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of misoprostol in patients with uterine transient weakness or hypotonia, to prevent postpartum hemorrhage, identify risk factors that could cause it are also set how often what comes this type of obstetric pathology in ushering in the patients treated at the HGOECS from May 2014 to February 2015. This research was obtained statistically, with transversal methodology, research, bibliographic, analytical and explanatory type with non-experimental design . The results revealed 57 cases of patients with uterine transient weakness and hypotonia to which were administered misoprostol to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
MISOPROSTOL. Misoprostol is an analog of prostaglandin E1 (PG E1). Prostaglandins (prostanoic acid) are chemical mediators of inflammation. Play an important role in inflammatory processes, are formed in all tissues, in microsomes by the action of prostaglandin synthetase enzyme acting on various fatty acids. MECHANISM OF ACTION The mechanism of action is mediated by specific receptors. Prostaglandins generally increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) Intracellular in some tissues, while in others the cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate). The action on vascular smooth muscle prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha acts on the myometrium facilitating the entry of calcium ion and other ions into the cell, in this process inhibits calcium sequestration by the ATPasedependent calcium in the lattice endoplasmic thus increases the concentration of cytoplasmic calcium; a process that leads to activation of flaxseed myosin light chain, the myosin phosphorylation and thus the interrelation of the phosphorylated myosin and actin and thus increasing the contractile activity. A level of the uterine muscle produces increased activity of oxytocin receptors allowing greater biological action of this hormone. PPH is defined as the loss of greater than 500 ml normal appearing after the third stage of labor, ie since leaving the fetus until after the placenta is blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of misoprostol in patients with uterine transient weakness or hypotonia, to prevent postpartum hemorrhage, identify risk factors that could cause it are also set how often what comes this type of obstetric pathology in ushering in the patients treated at the HGOECS from May 2014 to February 2015. This research was obtained statistically, with transversal methodology, research, bibliographic, analytical and explanatory type with non-experimental design . The results revealed 57 cases of patients with uterine transient weakness and hypotonia to which were administered misoprostol to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
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MISOPROSTOL, HEMORRAGIA POSTARTO, ATONIA UTERINA, HIPOTONIA UTERINA, HOSPITAL GINECO-OBSTETRICO ENRIQUE C. SOTOMAYOR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, RESULTADO DEL TRATAMIENTO