Factores de riesgo e incidencia de osteomielitis en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Delfina Torres de Concha desde enero del año 2013 a diciembre del año 2014
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
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Se realiza este trabajo de tipo descriptivo, proyectivo, longitudinal y documental para conocer los factores de riesgo y las incidencias de la osteomielitis en pacientes pediátricos en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2014, en el hospital Delfina Torres de Concha en Esmeraldas. Se hizo el estudio con 118 pacientes que formaron parte de la muestra tomada a partir del departamento de Estadística del hospital anteriormente nombrado. Se utilizó el método inductivo-deductivo y el analítico-sintético para analizar los resultados obtenidos.
Se llegó a conocer que hubo un aumento de la incidencia del 2013 al 2014, del 29 al 71% respectivamente, además de que los pacientes de sexo masculino eran los más afectados con un 75% versus 25% del grupo femenino. El grupo etario más vulnerable comprendía las edades entre los 3 y 5 años, con un 43%, seguido del grupo etario entre los 6 y 8 años con un 26%, el resto llegaba a sumar un 31%, con la más baja incidencia a los menores de 2 años con un 8%. Los pacientes que residen en la región rural presentaron mayor incidencia frente a los que viven en la región urbana, con un 65% y 35% respectivamente. También observamos que los pacientes llegan a ser atendidos en el hospital con un cuadro crónico de osteomielitis, con una incidencia del 66%. Finalmente se conoció que el lugar del cuerpo más afectado son los miembros inferiores en un 93%.
Se recomienda un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno para evitar complicaciones del cuadro clínico y por el bienestar de los pacientes pediátricos.
This work descriptive, projective, longitudinal and documentary to know the risk factors and the incidence of osteomyelitis in pediatric patients in the period between January 2013 and December 2014, at the “Delfina Torres de Concha” hospital in Esmeraldas type is performed. The study of 118 patients who were part of the sample taken from the statistics department of the hospital was named above. Inductive and deductive method to analyze the results obtained analytic-synthetic used. It became known that there was an increase in incidence from 2013 to 2014, from 29 to 71% respectively, and that male patients were the most affected with 75% versus 25% of female group. The most vulnerable age group included ages between 3 and 5 years, with 43%, followed by the age group between 6 and 8 years at 26%, the rest sum reached 31%, with the lowest incidence children under 2 years with 8%. Patients residing in the rural area had a higher incidence compared to those living in the urban region, with 65% and 35% respectively. We also observed that patients become treated in hospital with a chronic osteomyelitis box, with an incidence of 66%. Finally it was learned that the place of the body most affected are the lower limbs by 93%. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is recommended to prevent complications of clinical and welfare of pediatric patients.
This work descriptive, projective, longitudinal and documentary to know the risk factors and the incidence of osteomyelitis in pediatric patients in the period between January 2013 and December 2014, at the “Delfina Torres de Concha” hospital in Esmeraldas type is performed. The study of 118 patients who were part of the sample taken from the statistics department of the hospital was named above. Inductive and deductive method to analyze the results obtained analytic-synthetic used. It became known that there was an increase in incidence from 2013 to 2014, from 29 to 71% respectively, and that male patients were the most affected with 75% versus 25% of female group. The most vulnerable age group included ages between 3 and 5 years, with 43%, followed by the age group between 6 and 8 years at 26%, the rest sum reached 31%, with the lowest incidence children under 2 years with 8%. Patients residing in the rural area had a higher incidence compared to those living in the urban region, with 65% and 35% respectively. We also observed that patients become treated in hospital with a chronic osteomyelitis box, with an incidence of 66%. Finally it was learned that the place of the body most affected are the lower limbs by 93%. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is recommended to prevent complications of clinical and welfare of pediatric patients.
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Epidemiología descriptiva, Factores de riesgo, Osteomielitis, Pediatría, Hospital General Delfina Torres de Concha, Cantón Esmeraldas, Ecuador, Incidencia